05/03/2026
Kokkee fii toonsilii muruudhaan yaaluu mala hammayyatii akkasumas mala aadaatiin enyuuf dalagama faayidaafi midhaaan maal faadha?
infekshinii tonsilii fi kokkee yeroo baay’ee vaayirasii (akka adenovirus, rhinovirus, ykn Epstein-Barr virus) ykn baakteeriyaa (baay’inaan Group A Streptococcus) irraa kan dhufudha.
Mallattoolee
Dhukkubbii qoonqoo
Dhaqna gubaa
Tonsilii iitae, diimaa fi yeroo tokko tokko kan malau
Liqimsuu irratti rakkisuu
Yeroo tokko tokko afuura badaa ykn sagalee duuchuu
Wal'aansa:
Dhibee vaayirasiin dhufuuf : Kunuunsa deggersaa ( dangala'aa gahaa argachuu, boqonnaa, qoricha dhukkubbii namatti hir'isu kan akka paracetamol ykn ibuprofen) .
Baakteeriyaa irra kandhufuuf (keessumaa garee A Istiriiptookookaa): Antibaayootikii (fkn, penicillin ykn amoxicillin) .
Toonsilii muranii basuun yaaluun dhibamtoota kamiif barbaachisa ?
1. Dhukkuba Tonsilii Irra Deddeebi’ee dhufu: jechuunis
Waggaa 1 keessatti yoo xiqqaate yeroo 7, ykn
Waggaatti yeroo 5 waggaa 2 walitti aanu keessatti ykn
Waggaa 3 walitti aansuun waggaatti yeroo 3
Tokkoon tokkoon yeroo infekshiniin tonsilii mallattoo ho’a qaamaa, itaauu diimachuu tonsillar exudate, labratooriidhaan positive strep test, ykn itauu mudaanmuddii mormaa ( cervical lymphadenopathy ) wajjin akka gaariitti galmaa’uu qaba.
2. Dhukkuba Tonsilii Yeroo dheeraa ykn fayyuuf rakkise (Refractory: )
Infeekshinii itti fufiinsa qabu yaala fayyaaf deebii kennuu dhabuu
3. Dhibee malaa guuruu naannoo tonsilii( Peritonsillar Abscess)
Keessattuu yoo irra deddeebi’ee ykn deebii hin kennine erga dhangala’a irra yaasame fi antibaayootikiifis kan deebii kennuu dide
4. Hafuura kutuu hirribaa
Iitauu toonsilii (Tonsillar hypertrophy ) kan hirriba keessatti hafuura baafachuu dadhabuu fidu
5. Kaansariin yoo shakkame
iitauu Tonsilii gama tokkoo ykn bifa hin baramne qabuu
6. Rakkoolee Dhukkuba Tonsilii akka
Kan akka gaggabdoo ho’a qaamaa irraa dhufuu ,dhukkuba gurraa (otitis media) deddeebi’ee dhufu, ykn foolii badaa sababa caracha tonsilii irraa kau
Kokkee muruu mala aadaatiin (traditional Uvulectomy) Itoophiyaa dabalatee aadaa Afrikaa tokko tokko keessatti gocha barame dha. Yeroo baayyee ogeeyyii aadaatiin meeshaalee qulqullinaa barbaafamu ( sterile ) hin taane fayyadamuun, yeroo tokko tokko daa'imummaa ykn ijoollummaa keessatti, sababoota aadaa adda addaa tiin rawwatamu
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Ilaalcha Yaalaa Ammayyaa waaee kokkee muruu ilaalchisee
Ilaalcha hammayyaatti yoo ilaalle, kokke muraan mala aadaa (uvulectomy )idilee ykn yaala hin taane hin gorfamu, akkasumas balaa hin barbaachifne nama saaxiluu danda’a jedhamee fudhatama. Maaliif akka ta'e kunooti:
1. kokkee muruun mala aadaa Ragaa saayinsii tiin dhukkuboota akka infekshinii qoonqoo ykn qufaa ittisuuf ykn fayyisuuf akka gargaaru hin mirkanoofne
2. Rakkoolee kokkee muruun mala adaa fidan
Dhiigni cimaan irraa dangalauu (keessattuu daa’imman irratti) .
Infeekshinii (balaa teetanasi, seepsis, HIV) . rakkoo qulqulinaa mala aadaa fayadamanii irra kan kae
Hafuura baafannaa ykn ujummoo qilleensaa cufuu
Rakkoo dubbii ykn liqimsuu
Uumamuun madaa garaa lallaafaa irratti dhiibbaa geessisu
3. Yaaddoo Naamusaa fi Seeraa:
Hayyama beekumsa qabu ykn teeknika sterile malee kan raawwatame
Yeroo baayyee daa’imman umuriin isaanii hin geenye kanneen hayyama kennuu hin dandeenye irratti raawwatama
Bu’uuraalee yaalaa fi seeraa tokko tokko keessatti gocha aadaa miidhaa geessisu jedhamee fudhatama
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Kokkee muraan yaala hammayyaatiin eennuuf dalagama ?
Ispeeshalistii gurraa-kokkee fi funyaanii tiin haalawwan filatamoo ta’an irratti raawwatamuu danda’a, kanneen akka:
1.Hafuura kutaa hirribaa
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): akka qaama uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) tti .
2.dalanuu kokkee (Uvulitis) yeroo dheeraa ykn dheerachuu kokkee kan rakkoo lolloojii (oldeebisuu) ykn feamuu fidu
3.Kaansarii kokkee (Uvula tumors ykn papillomas)
Acute tonsillopharyngitis is an infection involving both the tonsils and the pharynx, commonly caused by viruses (like adenovirus, rhinovirus, or Epstein-Barr virus) or bacteria (most commonly Group A Streptococcus). It presents with:
Sore throat
Fever
Enlarged, red, and sometimes exudative tonsils
Cervical lymphadenopathy
Difficulty swallowing
In some cases, bad breath or muffled voice
Treatment:
Viral cases: Supportive care (hydration, rest, analgesics like paracetamol or ibuprofen)
Bacterial (especially Group A Streptococcus): Antibiotics (e.g., penicillin or amoxicillin)
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Indications for Tonsillectomy:
According to guidelines (like from the American Academy of Otolaryngology), tonsillectomy is indicated in the following cases:
1. Recurrent Tonsillitis:
At least 7 episodes in 1 year, or
5 episodes per year for 2 consecutive years, or
3 episodes per year for 3 consecutive years
Each episode should be well-documented with fever, tonsillar exudate, positive strep test, or cervical lymphadenopathy.
2. Chronic or Refractory Tonsillitis:
Persistent infection not responding to medical treatment
3. Peritonsillar Abscess:
Especially if recurrent or not responding to drainage and antibiotics
4. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA):
Tonsillar hypertrophy causing sleep-disordered breathing
5. Suspicion of Malignancy:
Unilateral tonsillar enlargement or abnormal appearance
6. Tonsillitis Complications:
Such as febrile seizures, recurrent otitis media, or halitosis due to tonsillar debris
Traditional uvulectomy—the removal of the uvula—is a common practice in some African cultures, including Ethiopia. It's often performed by traditional healers using non-sterile instruments, sometimes in infancy or early childhood, for various culturally held reasons such as:
Treating or preventing throat infections
Managing chronic cough or feeding issues
Beliefs about preventing death from throat swelling or "killing diseases"
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Modern Medical Perspective:
From the standpoint of modern medicine, routine or non-medical uvulectomy is not recommended, and it is considered potentially dangerous and unnecessary. Here's why:
1. Lack of Evidence:
No scientific evidence supports traditional uvulectomy for preventing or curing illnesses like throat infections or cough.
2. Complications:
Severe bleeding (especially in infants)
Infection (risk of tetanus, sepsis, HIV)
Aspiration or airway obstruction
Speech or swallowing difficulties
Scar formation affecting the soft palate
3. Ethical and Legal Concerns:
Performed without informed consent or sterile technique
Often done on minors who cannot consent
Considered a harmful traditional practice in some medical and legal frameworks
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Medically Indicated Uvulectomy:
Uvulectomy may be performed by ENT specialists in select cases, such as:
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): as part of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)
Chronic uvulitis or elongation causing gagging or choking
Uvula tumors or papillomas
