17/12/2025
A surveillance study across 42 countries in Asia, Africa, North and South America and Australasia.
Looking at cancer incidence between 2003 to 2017.
13 cancer types previously reported to be increasing in multiple countries in younger adults (leukemia and breast, endometrial, colorectal, oral, kidney, liver, pancreatic, gallbladder, prostate, stomach, esophageal, and thyroid cancer
Incidence rates increased in younger adults in most (>75%) countries for 6 of the 13 cancer types:
Average annual percentage change (AAPC)
thyroid cancer (median AAPC, 3.57%),
breast cancer (median AAPC, 0.89%),
colorectal cancer (median AAPC, 1.45%),
kidney cancer (median AAPC, 2.21%),
endometrial cancer (median AAPC, 1.66%), and
leukaemia (median AAPC, 0.78%).
Incidence rates for these cancer types also increased in older adults in most countries
Thyroid cancer (median AAPCs, 3%)
breast cancer (0.86%)
kidney cancer (1.65%)
for endometrial cancer (1.20%) and
for leukemia (0.61%)
The exception was colorectal cancer, which only increased in older adults in about half the countries (median AAPC, 0.37%), and the AAPC was greater in younger than older adults in 69% of countries.
For liver, oral, esophageal, and stomach cancer, rates decreased in younger adults in more than half the countries.
To summarise, only colorectal cancer rates are increasing in younger populations. Most cancer rates are increasing across all age groups. These trends are true for developed countries who have the data available.