25/08/2022
E Video BooK
White Intumescent Cataract Management: My Approach
ISBN: 9798201376215
The intumescent white cataract poses challenges during many different steps of surgery.
The primary issue is the pressure created within the capsular bag due to the liquified cortex material. If the anterior chamber pressure is lower than the intralenticular pressure, there will be a forward force exerted on the anterior capsule during capsulorrhexis creation. This will rapidly cause an uncontrolled radialization of the capsulorrhexis, which can extend to the posterior capsule, leading to a dropped nucleus and vitreous prolapse. The key to managing this is to keep the anterior chamber pressure higher than the intralenticular pressure during capsulorrhexis creation.
two small paracentesis incisions are created, each being less than 1 mm in width. This small size is important to pressurize the anterior chamber after the anterior capsule has been stained with trypan blue dye. We avoid making the primary phaco incision at this point because it is much larger, about 2 mm to 3 mm in width. This large incision will depressurize the anterior chamber, and the intralenticular pressure will be too high in comparison. Via the small paracentesis, a 25-gauge bent needle cystotome is used to create a small, round capsular opening. This round configuration is important because it will not radialize or rip uncontrollably. At this point we can make the main phaco incision with a diamond keratome and insert the phaco probe. Through this small capsular opening, the probe is used to aspirate out the fluid from the capsular bag. Touching the nucleus and rocking it gently will ensure that any fluid behind the nucleus also is aspirated.
With the intralenticular fluid removed, the pressure in the capsular bag is very low, and we can now create our larger 5-mm diameter capsulorrhexis without fear of inducing the Argentinian flag sign, which occurs with a radially split capsule that gives the blue-white-blue appearance of that flag. With successful completion of the 5-mm capsulorrhexis, the nucleus can be removed using the phaco-chop technique (Figure 2). With the dense nucleus, a mechanical disassembly of the nucleus using the chop technique can reduce the ultrasonic energy and help preserve corneal endothelial cells. The lens implant is inserted into the capsular bag, and the case is completed without issues.
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