Ayer Biomedical

23/02/2026

Ayer Biomedical တွင် Glucose Tube နှင့် OSPT Blood Collection Tubes များကို instock ရရှိနိုင်ပါကြောင်းသတင်းကောင်းပါးအပ်ပါသည်။
လက်ရှိဆေးကုသရေးနှင့် ဓာတ်ခွဲခန်းများတွင် အသုံးပြုရန်အတွက် Ayer Biomedical မှ Glucose Tubes နှင့် OSPT Blood Collection Tubes များကို instock ရရှိနိုင်ကြောင်း သတင်းကောင်းပါးအပ်ပါသည်။

Ayer Biomedical တွင် Glucose Tubes နှင့် OSPT Blood Collection Tubes များကို in stock
ထား၍ဖြန့်ချိရောင်းချပေးလျှက်ရှိပါသည်။

✅ Glucose Tube (Grey Top)
✅ OSPT Tube (Light Blue Top)

Ayer Biomedical မှတင်သွင်းသော blood collection tubes များသည် နိုင်ငံတကာ အရည်အသွေး စံချိန်စံညွှန်းများနှင့်အညီ ထုတ်လုပ်ထားပြီး အရည်အသွေး အာမခံချက်အပြည့်အဝရှိပါသည်။

ဆေးရုံများ၊ ဆေးခန်းများနှင့် ဓာတ်ခွဲခန်းများအနေဖြင့် ယခုလိုအပ်နေသော Blood collection tubes များကို Ayer Biomedical မှ တစ်ဆင့် စိတ်ချယုံကြည်စွာ မှာယူရရှိနိုင်ပါပြီ။

ဆက်သွယ်မှာယူလိုပါက -�အသေးစိတ်အချက်အလက်များအတွက် Ayer Biomedical ၏ ဖုန်းနံပါတ် 09-777153145 နှင့် 09-966799796 သို့ ဆက်သွယ်မေးမြန်းနိုင်ပါသည်။

20/01/2026

Dear value customers,
All types tube are available now.

22/10/2025

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06/10/2025

08/07/2025

Laboratory ကသူက Statistics သိဖို့လိုလား……?

Overall Percentage Agreement (OPA/POA)

“AYER” မှာစျေးဝယ် 🛍️🛒

“AYER” မှာစာဖတ်မယ် 📖📚🤓

အပိုင်း (၅)

RDT တွေရွေးချယ်တဲ့အခါ၊

RDT performance တွေသိချင်တဲ့အခါ၊

သိထားသင့်တဲ့ Statistics ထဲကတခုပေါ့….

OPA ကိုတွေ့တဲ့အခါ….

RDT performance တွေရှာကြည့်တဲ့အခါ…

AYER ကိုသတိရပေးရင်

တင်ပေးရတာကျေနပ်ပါပြီ ….

“Overall percentage agreement in Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) performance is a key metric used to assess how well an RDT's results align with a reference standard, often a more accurate laboratory test like PCR or microscopy.

✅What it means?

🤓It's the proportion of all tested samples where the RDT result matches the reference standard result.

🤓It encompasses both true positives (RDT correctly identifies a positive case) and true negatives (RDT correctly identifies a negative case).

✅How it's calculated?

The formula for overall percentage agreement (POA) is seen in photo.

Where:
-True Positives (TP): RDT is positive, and the reference standard is positive.

-True Negatives (TN): RDT is negative, and the reference standard is negative.

-Total Number of Samples: The sum of True Positives, True Negatives, False Positives (RDT positive, reference negative), and False Negatives (RDT negative, reference positive).

✅Why it's used?

🤓Simple and intuitive: It's easy to understand and communicate the overall concordance between the RDT and the gold standard.

🤓Initial assessment: It provides a quick snapshot of the RDT's general performance.

✅Limitations and why other metrics are important:
While useful, overall percentage agreement has limitations:

🤓Impact of prevalence: It can be heavily influenced by the prevalence of the disease in the tested population. For example, in a low-prevalence setting, an RDT that frequently gives negative results (even if it misses some true positives) can still have a high overall agreement due to a large number of true negatives. This can be misleading.

🤓Doesn't account for chance agreement: Some agreements between the RDT and the reference standard might occur simply by chance. Overall percentage agreement doesn't adjust for this.

🤓Doesn't differentiate types of errors: It doesn't tell you if the RDT is better at identifying positive cases (sensitivity) or negative cases (specificity).
Therefore, overall percentage agreement is almost always reported alongside other crucial performance metrics, such as:

🤓Sensitivity: The ability of the RDT to correctly identify positive cases (True Positives / (True Positives + False Negatives)).

🤓Specificity: The ability of the RDT to correctly identify negative cases (True Negatives / (True Negatives + False Positives)).

🤓Positive Predictive Value (PPV): The probability that a positive RDT result actually means the person has the disease (True Positives / (True Positives + False Positives)).

🤓Negative Predictive Value (NPV): The probability that a negative RDT result actually means the person does not have the disease (True Negatives / (True Negatives + False Negatives)).

🤓Cohen's Kappa (or similar statistics): This statistic adjusts for chance agreement and provides a more robust measure of the level of agreement between two diagnostic methods.

In essence, while overall percentage agreement gives a broad idea of RDT performance, a complete understanding requires looking at a suite of diagnostic performance metrics.

07/07/2025

“AYER” မှာစျေးဝယ် 🛍️🛒🤝

“AYER” မှာစာဖတ်မယ် 📖🤓📚

အပိုင်း (၄)

Percentage Agreement (NPA)

ဒီနေ့ကတော့ အရင် နေ့ကအဆက်လေးဖြစ်တဲ့ RDT တွေကိုရွေးချယ်တဲ့အခါ

Sensitivity/Specificity ဆိုတဲ့ စကားလုံးတွေရှာမတွေ့အခါ ၊

PPA/NPA/OPA ဆိုတဲ့စကားလုံးတွေပဲတွေနေတဲ့အခါ ဒီစကားလုံးတွေရဲ့ အဓိပ္ပါယ်ကိုပါ သတိထားနိုင်ဖို့ NPA အကြောင်းကိုဆက်တင်ပေးလိုက်ပါတယ်။

ဒါလေးတွေဖတ်ရင်းးးး

“AYER” ကိုသတိရပေးရင် တင်ပေးရတာပျော်ပါပြီ…🤝

“In the performance evaluation of Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs), Negative Percentage Agreement (NPA) is a crucial metric that tells us how accurately the RDT identifies individuals who do not have the condition being tested for.

✅What it Measures?

NPA quantifies the proportion of samples that are truly negative (as determined by a highly accurate "gold standard" or reference method, like a PCR test for infections) that are also correctly identified as negative by the rapid test.

✅How it's Calculated?

The formula for NPA is seen in photo.

Where:
-True Negatives (by RDT): These are the samples where the reference method confirmed the absence of the condition, AND the RDT also gave a negative result.

-Total Number of True Negatives (by Reference Method): This is the total count of all samples that were confirmed to be negative by the gold standard test.

✅Why it's Important (Minimizing False Positives)?

🤓Avoiding Unnecessary Alarm/Treatment

A high NPA is vital because it means the RDT is good at "ruling out" the condition. If a rapid test has a high NPA and gives you a negative result, you can be more confident that you don't have the condition. This helps avoid unnecessary worry, additional confirmatory tests, isolation, or even inappropriate treatment.

🤓Resource Allocation

In public health, a high NPA helps in efficiently allocating resources by minimizing the number of people who are unnecessarily treated or isolated based on a false positive RDT result.

🤓✅Synonymous with Specificity

In the context of comparing a new test to a reference standard, Negative Percentage Agreement is often used interchangeably with specificity. Specificity is the ability of a test to correctly identify those without the disease.

Example:
Let's say a rapid test for a particular infection is evaluated. A group of 200 people are tested:
-100 people are confirmed to not have the infection by a highly accurate laboratory PCR test (the reference method).

-The rapid test gives a negative result for 95 of those 100 truly uninfected people.

-The rapid test gives a positive result for 5 of those 100 truly uninfected people (these would be false positives).
In this case, the NPA would be:

NPA = (95/100)x100%= 95%

This means that for 95% of people who genuinely didn't have the infection, the rapid test correctly showed a negative result.

✅A rapid test with a high NPA (ideally close to 100%) is highly desirable, especially when the consequences of a false positive result (e.g., unnecessary anxiety, inappropriate medical intervention, or wasted resources) are significant.

06/07/2025

“AYER” စျေးဝယ် 🛍️🛒

“AYER” မှာစာဖတ်မယ် 📖🤓📚

အပိုင်း (၃)

ကျွန်တော်တို့တွေ Laboratory မှာအသုံးပြုဖို့ Rapid Test kit တွေကို ဝယ်ယူအသုံးပြုကြတဲ့အခါ

ကိုယ်ဝယ်ယူချင်တဲ့ RDT တွေရဲ့ performance တွေကို

Sensitivity ဘယ်လောက်ရှိလဲ၊

Specificity ဘယ်လောက်ရှိလဲ ဆိုတာတွေကို မေးမြန်းလေ့ရှိကြသလို၊

Inserted sheet ထဲမှာလည်း Sensitivity & Specificity ကိုရှာဖွေဖတ်ကြည့်လေ့ရှိပါတယ်။

တချို့ စာရွက်တွေမှာ

RDT ရဲ့ performance ကို အဲ့ဒီ Sensitivity တို့၊

Specificity တို့ဆိုတဲ့ စကားလုံးတွေကိုအသုံးမပြုထားဘဲ

တခြား ပုံစံနဲ့ပြထားလေ့ရှိပါတယ်။

Positive Percentage Agreement (PPA) တို့၊

Negative Percentage Agreement (NPA) တို့၊

Overall Percentage Agreement (OPA) တို့နဲ့ ဖော်ပြထားလေ့ရှိပါတယ်။

ဒီနေ့တော့ ဒီထဲကမှ

PPA အကြောင်းတစေ့တစောင်းကို တင်ပေးလိုက်ပါတယ်။

RDT performance ရွေးချယ်ကြတဲ့အခါ

Sensitivity & Specificity ဆိုတဲ့ စကားလုံးတွေက်ိုရှာမတွေ့တော့တဲ့အခါ၊

PPA တို့၊ NPA တို့ ဆိုတဲ့စကားလုံးလေးတွေကိုတွေ့မိတဲ့အခါ………

“AYER” မှာ ဖတ်ဖူးပါတယ်ဆိုတာလေးပြန်သတိရရင်တင်ပေးရတာ ပျော်ပါပြီ 🥰🤝

“In the context of rapid test kit performance, Positive Percentage Agreement (PPA) is a crucial metric that describes how well the rapid test agrees with a "gold standard" or reference method for positive results.

What it measures?

PPA represents the proportion of samples that tested positive by the reference method (considered the true positive) that also tested positive by the rapid test kit.

How it's calculated?

PPA formula —seen in photo

Where:
True Positives (Rapid Test): Samples that are positive by both the rapid test and the reference method.
True Positives (Reference Method): All samples that are genuinely positive according to the highly accurate reference method (e.g., PCR for viral infections).

Why it's important?

✅ Indicates sensitivity:

PPA is often used interchangeably with sensitivity when evaluating diagnostic tests, especially when comparing a new test to an established reference standard. A high PPA means the rapid test is good at correctly identifying people who have the condition.

✅Minimizing false negatives

A high PPA is critical because it reduces the likelihood of "false negatives" – cases where a person has the condition but the rapid test incorrectly shows a negative result. False negatives can lead to delays in treatment, continued spread of disease, or a false sense of security.
In essence, a high PPA means that if someone truly has the condition, the rapid test is very likely to pick it up.

It's important to consider PPA alongside other performance metrics, such as:

✅Negative Percentage Agreement (NPA) or Specificity: The ability of the test to correctly identify individuals who do not have the condition (minimizing false positives).

✅Overall Percentage Agreement (OPA)

The overall agreement between the rapid test and the reference method for both positive and negative results.

✅Positive Predictive Value (PPV)

The probability that a positive test result truly means the person has the condition. This is influenced by the prevalence of the condition in the population.

🤔When evaluating a rapid test kit, a higher PPA is generally desirable, especially for conditions where missing a positive case has significant consequences.”












https://westgard.com/lessons/basic-method-validation/qualitative-test-clinical-agreement.html

08/06/2025

A rare new form of diabetes was just officially recognized.

The condition is linked to malnutrition during early life, one that’s now been formally classified by the International Diabetes Federation.

Unlike other types, type 5 isn’t caused by autoimmunity or lifestyle factors but by poor nutrition in childhood that stunts the development of the pancreas. It mostly affects people in poorer countries and may impact 20–25 million people globally. Their bodies produce little insulin, not because of immune damage like in type 1, but because their pancreas never developed properly.

Rodent studies support this, showing that a low-protein diet during pregnancy or adolescence leads to underdeveloped insulin-producing cells. This new classification show how the term "diabetes" covers a wide range of conditions. Type 1 is an autoimmune disease needing lifelong insulin. Type 2, the most common, is linked to body weight and lifestyle but also has strong genetic links, especially in some ethnic groups. It can often be treated with diet, drugs like metformin, or even reversed through sustained weight loss. Gestational diabetes appears during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and usually resolves after birth. There are also several rare types of diabetes, such as neonatal diabetes present from birth and MODY caused by specific genes. Another rare type is type 3c, which results from pancreas damage, often from cancer or pancreatitis. The recognition of Type 5 diabetes pushes diabetes care beyond high-income countries and shows that global treatment approaches need to consider the different causes.

learn more

IDF launches a working group for a type of diabetes linked to malnutrition that was formally classified as “type 5 diabetes”.

27/05/2025

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26/05/2025

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