06/04/2026
INTRODUCTION TO FIRST AID
First Aid is the immediate care given to a person who is injured or suddenly becomes ill before professional medical help is available. It involves simple but effective techniques that can save lives, prevent a condition from worsening, and promote recovery.
Whether it’s a minor cut, choking, or a life-threatening emergency like cardiac arrest, basic knowledge of First Aid can make a huge difference. First Aid is not only for medical professionals — anyone can learn it and use it in everyday situations, at home, school, work, or in public spaces.
PRINCIPLES OF FIRST AID
The principles of First Aid are the basic guidelines that ensure help is given safely, effectively, and responsibly in emergency situations. These principles prioritize life-saving, preventing harm, and promoting recovery.
1. PRESERVE LIFE : The primary goal is to save lives. Give immediate care to prevent the casualty’s condition from worsening. Perform life-saving actions like CPR if necessary.
2. PREVENT FURTHER HARM: Protect the injured person from further injury or danger. Do not move the person unnecessarily (unless they are in danger). Control bleeding, immobilize fractures, and remove hazards from the environment.
3. PROMOTE RECOVERY: Help the casualty to recover comfortably. Reassure them and keep them calm. Apply appropriate First Aid techniques that support healing.
4. PROVIDE COMFORT AND REASSURANCE: Stay calm and composed. Offer emotional support — your attitude can help reduce the casualty’s fear and anxiety.
5. ENSURE SAFETY (Your Own and the Casualty’s): Check for danger before approaching (fire, electricity, traffic, etc.) Only give First Aid if it's safe to do so. Use gloves or protective barriers if available to prevent infection.
6. CALL FOR PROFESSIONAL HELP EARLY: Know your limits. First Aid is not a substitute for professional medical care. Call emergency services (e.g., 911 or your local number) as soon as necessary. Provide accurate and clear information about the situation.
7. DO NO HARM: Only perform procedures you are trained or confident to do.
Avoid using unproven or unsafe techniques. Stay within the scope of basic First Aid knowledge.
8. FOLLOW THE ABCs OF FIRST AID
AIRWAY: Ensure the airway is open and clear.
Breathing: Check for normal breathing.
Circulation: Look for signs of circulation (e.g., pulse, bleeding).
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