08/06/2025
HIV/AIDS remains one of the most serious public health challenges globally. HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, while AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. HIV is the virus that attacks the immune system, weakening the body’s ability to fight infections and diseases. Over time, if left untreated, HIV can lead to AIDS, the most advanced stage of the infection.
What is HIV?
HIV is a virus that specifically attacks CD4 cells (T-cells), which play a vital role in the immune response. As HIV destroys more CD4 cells, the body becomes increasingly vulnerable to opportunistic infections and certain cancers. HIV is transmitted through:
• Unprotected sexual contact
• Sharing needles or syringes
• Mother-to-child transmission during childbirth or breastfeeding
• Blood transfusions with infected blood (rare in countries with screening protocols)
What is AIDS?
AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection. It is diagnosed when the immune system is severely damaged, and the person develops certain infections or cancers that occur more frequently or are more severe in people with weakened immunity. Without treatment, AIDS can lead to death.
AIDS SYMPTOMS
• Rapid weight loss
• Recurring fever or profuse night sweats
• Extreme and unexplained tiredness
• Prolonged swelling of lymph glands
• Chronic diarrhea
• Sores of the mouth, a**s, or ge***al
PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
• Consistent condom use
• Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for high-risk individuals
• Regular testing and early treatment
• Safe injection practices
• Education and awareness campaigns
• Preventing mother-to-child transmission through ART during pregnancy
• Tell your sexual partners if you have HIV
• Use a clean needle
