04/01/2026
The image illustrates ovarian (adnexal) torsion by comparing a normal female reproductive anatomy (top panel) with a pathological twisted o***y and fallopian tube (bottom panel).
Structures Shown in the Image
The image shows the female reproductive organs inside the pelvis, including:
Uterus – central pear-shaped muscular organ
Fallopian tubes – curved tubes extending laterally from the uterus
Ovaries – oval organs at the ends of the fallopian tubes
Pelvic bones – provide anatomical orientation
Blood vessels and ligaments
️⃣ Top Image:
Normal Anatomy (No Torsion)
What is happening:
The ovaries appear pink and healthy, indicating good blood supply.
The fallopian tubes are normally curved, not twisted.
Arrows indicate normal anatomical orientation and mobility.
Key points:
Blood flow through ovarian arteries and veins is unobstructed
O***y can:
Produce ova (eggs)
Secrete hormones (estrogen & progesterone)
No pain or ischemia
👉 This represents a healthy reproductive system.
⃣ Bottom Image:
Ovarian (Adnexal) Torsion
What is happening:
One o***y (right side in image) appears dark purple/black
The fallopian tube is twisted around itself
White curved arrow shows rotation (torsion) of the o***y and tube
⃣ What Is Ovarian Torsion?
Ovarian torsion is the twisting of the o***y and often the fallopian tube around their supporting ligaments, leading to:
Compression of blood vessels
Reduced or blocked blood supply
Tissue ischemia and possible necrosis
⃣ Color Change Explained
Color Meaning
Pink Normal oxygenated blood flow
Dark purple/black Venous congestion →. BB ischemia → tissue death
The dark color indicates: Blood enters via arteries
But cannot leave via veins
Causing swelling, congestion, and necrosis
⃣ Causes of Ovarian Torsion
Common predisposing factors include:
Ovarian cysts or tumors
Enlarged o***y
Pregnancy
Long ovarian ligaments
Sudden body movements
⃣ Clinical Importance
Symptoms:
Sudden, severe lower abdominal pain
Nausea and vomiting
Pelvic tenderness
Complications if untreated:
Ovarian necrosis
Loss of o***y
Infertility
Infection (peritonitis)
⃣ Management
Medical emergency
Diagnosis: Ultrasound with Doppler
Treatment:
Surgical detorsion
Oophorectomy if o***y is non-viable
Summary (One-Line Answer for Exams)
The image demonstrates normal pelvic anatomy compared with ovarian torsion, where twisting of the o***y and fallopian tube compromises blood supply, leading to ischemia and possible ovarian necrosis.
