31/05/2025
Smoking and Bone Health:
High blood cotinine levels (indicating ni****ne intake) are associated with a higher prevalence of osteoporosis.
Current smokers are more susceptible to osteoporosis compared to non-smokers.
Smoking disrupts bone remodeling, leading to weaker and more brittle bones, increasing fracture risk.
Healing fractures takes longer in smokers compared to non-smokers.
Ni****ne disrupts bone regeneration, accelerating bone mass loss.
