Sporty And Healthy Life

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On this page you will find information on how to maintain your health and the health of your family, what you need to do to become healthy!

If you have felt like you are dragging lately, you may be wondering what is going on. Fatigue is a common symptom that c...
11/09/2022

If you have felt like you are dragging lately, you may be wondering what is going on. Fatigue is a common symptom that can be caused by a whole host of factors, from medical conditions and stress to poor sleep, says Dr. Stephanie Tung, an instructor in psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and an attending psychiatrist at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute.

The good news is that in many cases you can make changes that will help bring your energy back, but you need to get to the root of the problem in order to treat it.

Fatigue triggers
Part of the challenge when it comes to a general symptom like fatigue is that it's so commonplace and can be triggered by so many different things. This makes it hard to pinpoint what's causing the problem. However, there are a few main culprits that often cause fatigue in women, says Dr. Tung.
Hormonal changes. "Hormonal changes can also contribute to shifts in metabolism and sleep disturbances, which lead to fatigue," says Dr. Tung. A decline in female hormones, such as estrogen, during the menopause transition may induce hot flashes, which can lead to broken sleep. Hot flashes are brief episodes during which your body feels like it's overheating. They can last for a few seconds or minutes. During a hot flash, your skin may flush, and you may start to sweat. If these occur at night, they can make it hard to sleep soundly and leave you dragging the next day.

Problems associated with the thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped gland located at the front of your neck that regulates your metabolism, may also cause fatigue, says Dr. Tung. When the thyroid gland is underactive and produces inadequate levels of thyroid hormone (a condition called hypothyroidism), it can make you feel tired, in addition to other symptoms. Women are more likely than men to have thyroid disease, and incidence rises with age. Almost 20% of women over age 65 have an underactive thyroid gland.

Your diet. If you are not eating a well-balanced diet, it may result in vitamin deficiencies that can sap your energy. Two of the most common are vitamin D and vitamin B12 deficiencies, says Dr. Tung. Fatigue is also sometimes brought on by dehydration.

Poor sleep habits or sleep disorders. Perhaps the most obvious reason you might be feeling tired is that you are not getting adequate sleep. Sometimes this results from bad sleep habits. "Staying up late at night, too much screen time — those habits can definitely affect people's energy level," says Dr. Tung. People who have work schedules that require staying up all night may also have difficulty getting a consistent block of time to achieve restful, deep sleep. But inadequate sleep can also be caused by insomnia or poor sleep quality triggered by stress, or sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea. If you have obstructive sleep apnea, tissues in your throat relax during sleep, periodically blocking your airway, causing breathing interruptions that disrupt sleep.

Age-related muscle loss, called sarcopenia, is a natural part of getting older. But after an injury, illness, or any pro...
10/09/2022

Age-related muscle loss, called sarcopenia, is a natural part of getting older. But after an injury, illness, or any prolonged period of inactivity, muscle loss can occur faster, leading to muscle atrophy. The consequences are greater weakness, poor balance, and even frailty.

"People older than age 65 are especially vulnerable to muscle atrophy," says Jodi Klein, a physical therapist with Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Women's Hospital. "It can take longer for the body to recover from dramatic muscle loss, but with the right strategy, older adults can protect themselves from muscle atrophy and rebound easier if it occurs, no matter what their age."

Signs of weakness
Muscle atrophy can occur from a disease that primarily affects the muscles, such as polymyositis (an autoimmune inflammatory disease). Diseases that rob the muscles of energy, like cancer and malnutrition, are other causes.

But muscle loss most often is due to physiologic atrophy, which happens when people don't use their muscles enough for an extended period. Besides an injury or surgery, physiologic atrophy can occur because of osteoarthritis, which makes staying active difficult, or a sedentary lifestyle.
Muscle atrophy can lead to

weakness in the upper limbs, including trouble raising your arms or reaching for high objects
difficulty opening jars, holding a pen, typing on a keyboard, buttoning a shirt, or tying shoelaces
muscle twitching and cramps
trouble balancing.
Muscle atrophy does not always happen after a physical setback. How a period of downtime affects you depends on your prior health, activity level, and amount of muscle mass. "Men who are regularly active have a much easier time preventing muscle atrophy even if they are off their feet for a while," says Klein.

Still, it doesn't take long for the body to lose what it has gained. A 2015 study in the Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine found that older men who did eight weeks of strength training lost about 25% of their muscle gains after they stopped training for two weeks.

"A sudden stop in activity is like slamming on the brakes and can be quite jarring to the body," says Klein. "Even minor muscle atrophy can cause some loss of strength and movement and make activity more difficult."

Despite its name, buckwheat is not a type of wheat. Officially, it's not even a grain but rather a seed that's harvested...
09/09/2022

Despite its name, buckwheat is not a type of wheat. Officially, it's not even a grain but rather a seed that's harvested from a flowering plant related to rhubarb. But the pyramid-shaped kernels are similar to grains from both a culinary and nutritional perspective.

Buckwheat is gluten-free but rich in fiber and several minerals. It also contains high levels of rutin, a compound also found in apples and citrus fruits that may make blood vessels stronger and more flexible. Several studies suggest that eating buckwheat may help lower cholesterol levels and keep blood sugar levels in check.

You may be familiar with buckwheat flour, which is sometimes added to pancakes or waffles. Buckwheat crepes made in the Brittany region of France are called galettes. In Asian countries, noodles made from buckwheat flour (such as Japanese soba) are popular. Whole, toasted buckwheat is typically soaked and simmered into a porridge known as kasha, a staple in Russia and other Eastern European countries.

Need a little inspiration? The next time you take a walk outside, note things that spark a sense of wonder or awe. That'...
08/09/2022

Need a little inspiration? The next time you take a walk outside, note things that spark a sense of wonder or awe. That's what some older adults tried for a small study published online Sept. 21, 2020, by the journal Emotion. Of the 50 people who took part, half went for weekly 15-minute walks outdoors (alone) for eight weeks, and snapped "selfies" along the way. The other half took the same walks and selfies, but visited a new place each time. They were asked, especially, to note things that inspired a sense of awe — like tree colors or leaves underfoot softened by rain. Participants also answered surveys about the emotions they felt on walk and non-walk days. After analyzing responses and photos, scientists found that people who people took the "awe walks" reported less distress and increasing awe, joy, compassion, and gratitude, compared with people on the regular walks. Awe walkers also smiled more and made themselves smaller in their photos, focusing more on landscapes — a sign of a greater appreciation of the world around them. Try it yourself: On your next walk, imagine you're seeing things for the first time. What will inspire you? Perhaps a path lined with trees, the shore of a lake, or an up-close look at skyscrapers. Jot down your observations, and see if you feel a sense of wonder and joy. Happy trails!

For many people, this "season of wonder" includes wondering if you can cheat on a healthy diet. How much can you indulge...
07/09/2022

For many people, this "season of wonder" includes wondering if you can cheat on a healthy diet. How much can you indulge in rich, salty, or sugary holiday cuisine without risking weight gain, heart and blood pressure problems, or high blood sugar?

"Some people are more sensitive than others to salt, saturated fat, or added sugars. We sometimes see diet affecting blood pressure or cholesterol in as little as a few weeks after people splurge," says registered dietitian Kathy McManus, director of the Department of Nutrition at Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Women's Hospital.

That makes dietary cheating a bit risky. But for generally healthy people, McManus says there is a formula that allows you to bend the rules this holiday season and beyond.

First, the healthy guidelines
Ideally you should always follow a healthy eating plan, such as a Mediterranean-style diet. In addition, you need to limit the following.

Added sugars. Eating too much sugar can cause repeated blood sugar spikes and increase your risk for diabetes. Limit intake to no more than 24 grams per day for women and 36 grams for men.
Salt. In some people, consuming too much salt can increase blood pressure. Healthy people should limit intake to 2,300 milligrams (mg) per day.

Saturated fat. Eating too much of this type of fat — found in red meat and full-fat dairy products — can increase "bad" LDL cholesterol and raise your risk for heart disease. McManus advises limiting saturated fat to 7% of your daily calories. To figure out how many grams of saturated fat that would be, take 7% of your daily calories and divide it by nine (one gram of fat has 9 calories). For example, if you're eating 1,500 calories a day: .07 times 1,500 equals 105; 105 divided by 9 is about 12 grams of saturated fat.

What about calories?
Daily calorie needs depend on many factors, including your age, activity level, body composition, overall health, and weight goals (such as weight loss).

If you're a healthy person who exercises 30 minutes per day, you can estimate how many daily calories you need to maintain your current weight by multiplying your weight (in pounds) by 15.

For example, if you weigh 130 pounds, multiply 130 by 15. The answer — 1,950 — is the number of calories you need per day to stay at 130 pounds. Eating more could lead to weight gain; eating less could lead to weight loss.

Bending the rules
While a good diet is crucial for health, bending the rules on occasion probably won't hurt. A tip you can try is the 90-10 rule. "Eat a healthy diet 90% of the time and splurge 10% of the time," McManus says. "Eating three meals a day for a week means 21 total meals: avoid splurging for more than two of those meals."

What about doing a 90–10 plan every day during the holidays, devoting 10% of your daily calories to unhealthy holiday foods? That's probably more likely to lead to bad habits. "If you occasionally go slightly over the daily guidelines for calories, salt, added sugar, and saturated fat intake, it's probably not going to be a problem," McManus says. "But making every meal a little unhealthy, by design — that's likely to cause problems."

Pitfalls
Knowing that you can cheat a little might tempt you to push the 90-10 rule beyond its limits. For example:

You might overdo a cheat meal. We know for sure that a regular diet that's unhealthy can, over time, increase your long-term risk of developing heart disease. But it may also be true that a big, unhealthy meal can cause immediate risks. Let's say you binge on a juicy steak, mashed potatoes, and a hot fudge sundae. That rich meal contains 47 grams of saturated fat, 32 grams of mostly added sugars, 1,330 calories, 70 grams of carbohydrates, and 2,555 mg of sodium.

'Tis the season to be jolly — and to indulge in favorite holiday foods and beverages. The weeks between Thanksgiving and...
06/09/2022

'Tis the season to be jolly — and to indulge in favorite holiday foods and beverages. The weeks between Thanksgiving and New Year's Eve are often full of opportunities to feast on foods high in fat and sugar. The average American packs on an extra pound of weight every year, and at least half of that is gained over the holiday season, according to several studies.

To help curtail that trend, which will help your heart as well as your waistline, try some of the alternative or lighter versions of foods and drinks traditionally served during the December holidays, described below. But there's no need to deprive yourself of special favorites that you have just once a year. "You can weave them in with healthier options," says Liz Moore, a dietitian at Harvard-affiliated Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.

Some days I feel incredibly ancient. Not in age or my knowledge of modern music (although my millennial daughter may dis...
05/09/2022

Some days I feel incredibly ancient. Not in age or my knowledge of modern music (although my millennial daughter may disagree), but in how my body feels. There are mornings when everything is rusty and creaky.

You know what I mean: the stiffness and dull aches (and accompanying grunts and groans) that occur after you wake up. These feelings often go away in about five or 10 minutes. Some mornings are worse than others, and sometimes I awaken stiffness-free.

Why does morning stiffness happen?

“It’s not known why morning stiffness occurs, especially as people age, but the only common thread is that it occurs after long bouts of inactivity,” says Dr. William Docken, a rheumatologist with Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Women’s Hospital. “That is why you often feel so stiff when you wake up, since sleeping is when you are inactive for the longest continuous time.”

However, any prolonged period of sitting also can cause stiffness, like watching TV, working at the computer, or riding in the car.

A simple remedy for stiffness

To break up long stretches of sitting, set a timer on your phone or computer to remind you to move around every 20 to 30 minutes. Walk around your home or neighborhood, do some household chores, or even a quick set of lunges or marching in place for a minute.

Another option is the following A-B-C routine. The three moves focus on the main stiff areas: shoulders, back, and legs. Do this in the morning to get loose, during your breaks from sitting, or whenever you feel a little “ancient.”

I have to admit it: it can be hard to take news about the latest healthy diet too seriously. There seems to be an endles...
04/09/2022

I have to admit it: it can be hard to take news about the latest healthy diet too seriously. There seems to be an endless list of recommendations about food choices, but little consensus. It’s enough to confuse even the most careful reader of health news.

For a long while, low-fat diets ruled. But, then came the paleo diet, the keto diet, the LA diet, the South Beach diet, the Mediterranean diet, and many others — including diets around which entire companies are based (such as Jenny Craig, Weight Watchers, and NutriSystem). Eggs were terrible; now they’re okay (in moderation, of course). There are cleanses, detoxes, and foods to fight inflammation.

Still, one of the newer entries into the deluge of nutrition news may seem like one of the unlikeliest: chili pepper.

Time to spice up your diet?
The analysis included data from more than a half a million people in multiple countries. When compared with people who never or rarely ate chili pepper, those who ate it regularly had lower rates of death due to cardiovascular disease (by 26%), cancer (by 23%), or any cause (by 25%).

While findings from this report might seem too good to be true, they build on the publication of several other studies linking health benefits to chili pepper consumption. For example, this study found that people who consumed chili pepper four or more times per week over eight years had significantly lower rates of death, including due to cardiovascular disease, compared with people who rarely or never did.

The reason chili pepper might be a boon to health isn’t clear. One theory attributes it to capsaicin. That’s the ingredient in chili pepper that gives it its heat. Capsaicin is a potent antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties.

Before you revise your shopping list…

These findings are intriguing, but not definitive. The report is an analysis of four large observational studies. So while it describes a link between chili pepper consumption and health benefits, it cannot prove that eating chilis caused this. In fact, chili pepper might actually have little to do with the findings: perhaps people who eat chili peppers are using it to spice up an already healthy diet, and that diet might be responsible for the health benefits.

The various studies included in this new report used different types and amounts of chili pepper. And these findings have not yet been published in a peer-reviewed medical journal; so far, they have only been presented at the 2020 American Heart Association meeting. That means the findings should be considered preliminary.

According to a new report, chili pepper in your diet could lower your risk of dying of cancer or cardiovascular disease, and could also promote longevity.

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