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17/12/2025

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How Blood Pressure Measurement Works

1️⃣ Put the cuff on the arm
• The cuff compresses the brachial artery (main artery in the upper arm).

2️⃣ Pump the bulb → cuff tightens
• Pressure becomes higher than systolic →
Artery is fully closed → no blood flows
→ You hear nothing with the stethoscope.

3️⃣ Slowly release valve
• Cuff pressure drops gradually.

4️⃣ FIRST sound = SYSTOLIC BP
• When artery starts to open, blood squirts through.
• This creates Korotkoff sounds (“tap-tap”).
• ➡️ First tapping sound = Systolic BP

5️⃣ Continue releasing
• Artery opens more and more.

6️⃣ Sound disappears = DIASTOLIC BP
• When the artery is fully open, flow becomes smooth.
• No turbulence → sound disappears.
• ➡️ Last sound = Diastolic BP

16/11/2025