01/07/2018
Can Excessive Dieting Damage Our Metabolism?
Not really, however it can make it a lot harder to lose weight in the future. To get a better understanding of how this happens let's talk about the old "calories in calories out" equation. (ie all you need to do is eat less and move more). While this is true, it's not quite that simple. Here's why:
1. Calorie counts on food labels are calculated using imprecise methods and can be off as much as 20-25%
2. The amount of energy (calories) a food contains is not necessarily the amount we absorb, store or use
We absorb LESS energy (calories) from whole, minimally processed foods because they are harder to digest. Conversely, we absorb MORE energy (calories) from highly processed foods because they are easier to digest (our digestive system doesn't have to work as hard because the food is already broken down).
We also tend to absorb more energy (calories) from cooked foods, again because cooking breaks down plant and animal cells, increasing their bioavailability. The amount of calories we absorb can also be determined by the types of bacteria in our gut, which is individual to you.
By following a diet rich in whole, minimally processed foods, the calories we absorb will be less, and you will burn more calories through the digestive process.
Following a diet that consists mainly of highly processed foods will result in more calorie absorption, as well as less calories burned through digestion. On top of that, highly processed foods are less satiating and are more likely to cause overeating.
Dieting (being in a caloric deficit), slows our metabolism in response to less energy (calories) being taken in. This is called "adaptive thermogenesis". This process is actually a protective mechanism that kicks in to prevent our bodies from starvation, hence the term "starvation mode", however contrary to popular belief, this will not completely prevent you from losing weight in a severe caloric deficit.
Constant yo-yo dieting doesn't necessarily damage your metabolism, but it can make it more difficult to lose weight in the future because of the adaptive metabolic, neuroendocrine, autonomic and other changes that occur in response to fat loss.
As you can see, "calories in/calories out" is not quite as simple as it seems. So what can you do? Don't give up! Try focusing on eating more protein (keeps you full, helps muscle recovery and has a higher thermic effect), eat more fruits and veggies, quality carbs and healthy fats (vitamins, mineral and fiber keep you full and healthy!), do a combination of strength and cardio exercise (emphasis on strength!!) and adjust your calorie intake as needed. 🙂
https://www.precisionnutrition.com/metabolic-damage