09/07/2019
The boys of the 16th Wisconsin Infantry faced the battle’s first fire on the morning of April 6. Thus began an awful day that can be fairly described as a grim cycle of fighting overwhelming enemy forces, and stubbornly giving ground. “The rebel hordes were coming in,” reported one regimental historian, and “rolling up great columns like the waves of the ocean.” When hostilities ended, the casualty list totaled 254, including the regiment’s colonel and lieutenant colonel. Six members of the color guard lost their lives, four of whom are pictured here. All served in Company E. The senior member of the group, Sgt. Joseph L. Holcomb, about 42, hailed from New York. A carpenter by trade, he left behind a wife and five daughters. The other three young men, all privates, include Lewis E. Knight, a single farmer from Maine, Erwin L. Rider and Henry L. Thomas. The remains of all six were eventually buried in a semicircle around a flagstaff overlooking the Tennessee River.

Carte de visite by H.N. Roberts of Madison, Wis. Jim Rivest Collection.
“The Long, Dark Night of Rebellion”
After the rebel juggernaut drove the 16th Wisconsin Infantry and the rest of its brigade from its camp on the morning of the first day of the fight, officers and men fell back. They reformed along the rear of the camp about 8 a.m., and fought desperately to hold their position. About this time, the regiment’s lieutenant colonel, Cassius Fairchild, fell with a bullet in his thigh. Dragged to safety, surgeons preferred amputation. The wound, however, proved too close to the hip joint, and surgeons deemed an operation impossible. Transported to his family in Madison, eight long months passed before a doctor found and extracted the bullet, along with seven fragments of his uniform. Fairchild returned to duty in May 1863 and finished out his enlistment. He mustered out as colonel and brevet brigadier general in July 1865.
Three years later, while serving as a U.S. Marshal, the wound broke open and his condition steadily worsened. On Oct. 14, 1868, he married his fiancé, Mary Haney, despite his condition, which, by this time, had confined him to his sickbed. Ten days later, he died at age 38. Formal resolutions adopted on his passing included this tribute to his character: “We have lost an estimable companion, a true, trusted and valued friend; one who stood by the flag of his country amid the assaults of treason, throughout the long, dark night of rebellion.