12/19/2025
How we measure shoulder range of motion in throwing athletes matters.
In this study, published in Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery International the researchers examined glenohumeral rotation within the context of humeral retrotorsion in collegiate baseball players with and without MUCL injuries. When osseous adaptations were accounted for, rotational motion did not differ between injured and uninjured athletes and external rotation deficits were more common than internal rotation deficits in both groups.
These findings challenge long-held assumptions about GIRD and reinforce the need for osseous-informed interpretation of shoulder ROM in overhead athletes.
If you work with throwers, this paper is worth your time.
Congratulations to our Director of Research, Natalie Myers and the research team on these impactful contributions.