09/26/2025
How many of you have considered potassium when thinking about pre-eclampsia?
Multiple studies have consistently reported that women with preeclampsia have significantly lower serum potassium levels compared to women with normal blood pressure readings. The lower potassium levels are also associated with increased disease severity. (One study from 2010 did find that higher potassium levels during the first half of pregnancy were associated with a higher risk of developing preeclampsia, but the majority of studies do show that low levels are more associated with preeclampsia.)
As with all the things I discuss, we need to understand the underlying reason behind this.
Magnesium deficiency is well established as a cause of low potassium. Magnesium normally reduces potassium secretion in the kidneys. When magnesium is low, this inhibition is lost, leading to increased potassium loss in the urine. This is more pronounced if there is also an increase in sodium. This can be a marker of magnesium deficiency, even without directly measuring magnesium levels. Magnesium deficiency in and of itself is also associated with hypertension, not only because of its regulation of sodium and potassium but also because it works as a cardiovascular relaxant.
In most preeclampsia cases, there is also dysregulation within the renin and angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). This system is responsible not only for regulating electrolytes in the body but also for regulating blood pressure. Low potassium can also be a marker of dysfunction within this system.
So, when you see the lower potassium levels, it's usually not due to True potassium deficiency from not getting enough in the diet, it's a sign of the dysfunction within the body.
There are numerous studies outside of pregnancy that demonstrate the benefits of potassium supplements and adequate potassium intake in helping to lower blood pressure in hypertensive adults. However, there are no studies that have shown the same effect during pregnancy.
Most women don't meet the RDA for potassium, even with supplements. A 2023 study found that 52.5% of pregnant women in the United States were not meeting the minimum daily potassium requirements during pregnancy. Prenatal vitamins rarely provide enough potassium. As we examine preeclampsia prevention, incorporating sufficient potassium-rich foods into a dietary plan may be beneficial.
Want to see a list of potassium-rich foods?
Visit my website and download my free ebook " a directory of vitamin and mineral sources"
