11/11/2021
Marsha P. Johnson was born on August 24, 1945 in Elizabeth, New Jersey. Raised as male, Johnson began to dress as a girl around the age of five, which drew ire and harassment from her parents as well as her community.
Upon completion of high school, Marsha moved to Greenwich Village, a neighborhood in New York City. Homeless and living in poverty, Johnson turned to s*x work to survive. In the nightlife of Christopher Street, Johnson found a community. After going by the name Black Marsha for a period of time, she settled on Marsha P. Johnson (the P standing for “Pay It No Mind,” a reference to her response to people asking about her gender). She quickly became one of the faces of the Q***r Revolution of the 60s and has been credited for spearheading the Stonewall Uprising.
In 1970, Johnson and her friend Sylvia Rivera founded Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries (STAR), which clothed, fed, housed, and advocated for transgender youth on the lower eastside. For two decades, Johnson performed in New York and London with the popular drag theater company, Hot Peaches.
As time went on, Johnson struggled with society’s views, constant harassment by police officers, and her own mental health issues. An AIDS activist herself, Johnson was diagnosed with H.I.V in 1990. On July 6, 1992, Johnson was found drowned in the Hudson River off the West Village Piers. The death was ruled a su***de, but those close to her have disputed that claim. Several witnesses tried to come forward with information, but the police were not interested in investigating a case involving a “gay black man.” Multiple people in the intervening years have worked to reopen the case and have successfully released previously sealed witness statements. In 2002, after re-investigation, Johnson’s cause of death was changed from “su***de” to “undetermined.” A 2017 documentary, “The Death and Life of Marsha P. Johnson,” follows activist, Victoria Cruz, as she tries to investigate Johnson’s murder.
The Marsha P. Johnson Institute was founded to protect and defend the human rights of BLACK transgender people. To learn more and to donate, visit marshap.org.