Babies After 35

11/15/2025

From ACOG: Lacerations are common after va**nal birth. Trauma can occur on the cervix, va**na, and v***a, including the labial, periclitoral, and periurethral regions, and the perineum. Most of these lacerations do not result in adverse functional outcomes. Severe perineal lacerations, extending into or through the a**l sphincter complex, although less frequent, are more commonly associated with increased risk of pelvic floor injury, f***l and urinary incontinence, pain, and sexual dysfunction with symptoms that may persist or be present many years after giving birth. What are prevention strategies for severe obstetric lacerations? Manual perineal support at delivery is commonly practiced (with health care providers in some parts of the world describing this as a “hands on” method), with several different techniques described globally. Among these are the flexion techniques and the Ritgen maneuver (or a modification of either). Because application of warm perineal compresses during pushing reduces the incidence of third-degree and fourth-degree lacerations, obstetrician–gynecologists and other obstetric care providers can apply warm compresses to the perineum during pushing to reduce the risk of perineal trauma. In a meta-a**lysis of 22 trials (7,280 subjects), upright or lateral birth positions compared with supine or lithotomy positions were associated with fewer episiotomies and operative deliveries, but higher rates of second-degree lacerations, and the overall quality of the studies was rated as low. In a recent randomized trial, lateral birthing position with delayed pushing was compared with lithotomy positions and pushing at complete dilatation in subjects with epidural anesthesia and found that subjects in the lateral position with delayed pushing were more likely to deliver with an intact perineum (40% versus 12%, P

11/14/2025

PMID: 27386466: Telogen effluvium (TE) is a diffuse hair pattern loss which occurs 3 months after a triggering event and is self-limited in time. Different types of stresses have been related to TE, such as febrile states, stress, major surgery, an increase in androgen and estrogen hormones, hyperthyroidism and many others. It is well studied that hormone levels during and after pregnancy are dramatically distinct. During pregnancy, there is a peak of human chorionic gonadotropin at 2 months, a 9-fold gradual increase in progesterone and an 8-fold increase in estrogens. Once the placenta is removed at birth, the levels of progesterone and estrogens return to normal within 2-4 days. Prolactin also rises gradually during pregnancy, reaching a 20-fold increase at term. It is believed that TE can be explained with these variations in hormone levels in postpartum women. From AAD: If the excessive hair shedding bothers you, these tips from dermatologists can help until your hair regains its normal fullness. Use shampoo and conditioner that add volume. Here’s what dermatologists recommend using and avoiding: •Use a volumizing shampoo. These shampoos tend to contain ingredients like protein that coat the hair, making the hair appear fuller. •Avoid any shampoo labeled “conditioning shampoo.” These contain heavy conditioners that can weigh down the hair and make it look limp. •Use a conditioner formulated for fine hair. These contain lighter formulas that will not weigh down hair. •Use conditioner primarily on the ends of your hair. Applying conditioner to your scalp and all of your hair tends to weigh down hair. •Avoid conditioners labeled “intensive conditioners.” These are too heavy.

11/13/2025

Not a good look for a L&D nurse…

11/12/2025

OP jordy.smithhh ❤️

11/10/2025

People who receive an abnormal Pap smear or HPV result can be understandably nervous or scared about how this can affect their future health. Anyone looking to make money off of the fears of people by selling them unproven remedies and expensive courses should be held liable and should not be able to hide behind long disclaimers. There is a real potential for progression of disease when using her “protocol” to “cure” people of HPV, especially if they already have HPV and abnormal pap smears.According to ACOG, for most people, the immune system clears the body of HPV before it causes disease. However, over time, persistent HPV infections can cause ge***al warts and changes in cells that can lead to different types of cancers, including cervical, pe**le, v***ar, va**nal, a**l, and oropharyngeal.Cervical dysplasia (abnormal cells on the cervix) is a medical condition frequently treated by board-certified ObGyns who are adequately trained and follow the standard-of-care to achieve the best possible outcomes for these patients. Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable forms of cancer. You can help prevent cervical cancer by having routine screening tests and follow-up treatments if needed.Please stay away from predatory accounts who sell “protocols” that are not evidence-based, published in peer-reviewed journals, regulated and followed for outcomes.

11/09/2025

If someone doesnt know the difference between dietary salt intake versus the pathophysiologic processes related to preeclampsia, they have no business educating on ANYTHING regarding pregnancy or preeclampsia!

Go to my preeclampsia highlight for more info!

So to sum things up, she is saying that 64% of people with preeclampsia have decreased serum sodium levels due to low quality dietary salt intake. So take high quality salt in your diet to reduce preeclampsia risk. This is blatantly false info. The decreased serum sodium seen with preeclampsia has nothing to do with dietary salt intake. Its due to the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.

She also said docs telling pregnant people to avoid salt intake is wrong because serum sodium levels are low in preeclampsia, so salt is not the enemy. This is also wrong. High dietary salt intake can increase blood pressure and can increase risk and morbidity seen with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Bottom line is saying dietary salt intake plays a role in serum sodium levels, and low dietary salt intake is related to the low serum sodium levels seen with preeclampsia, is wrong.

11/07/2025

Go to my link in bio—>Google drive of resources—>labor and delivery—>monitoring to access this info!

In a Cochrane review of randomized trials comparing intermittent auscultation with continuous EFM, continuous EFM was associated with a 50% reduction in neonatal seizures (risk ratio [RR] 0.50, 95% CI, 0.31–0.80, N532,386, nine trials) but no reduction in perinatal death (RR 0.86, 95% CI, 0.59–1.23, N533,513, 11 trials) or cerebral palsy (RR 1.75, 95% CI, 0.84–3.63, N513,252, twotrials). Continuous EFM was associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery (RR 1.63, 95% CI,1.29–2.07, N518,861, 11 trials) and operative va**nal delivery (RR 1.15, 95% CI, 1.01–1.33, N518,615, 10 trials).

In a 2021 systematic review and network meta-a**lysis of 33 trials, intermittent auscultation was associated with a reduction in emergency cesarean delivery (RR 0.83, 95% CI, 0.72–0.97) compared with cardiotocography (19).

In an observational study of a national birth cohort including 1,732,211 singleton live births, Chen et al found that intrapartum EFM, compared with no EFM, was associated with lower early neonatal mortality and morbidity and, therefore, lower infant mortality.

11/05/2025

10/31/2025

Did you have pica?The etiology of pica is unclear. Hypotheses include the following:●It is a functional attempt to increase levels of deficient micronutrients; however, this is unlikely to explain much of pica because most substances do not have bioavailable micronutrients.●It is a nonfunctional epiphenomenon or side effect of a micronutrient deficiency. The micronutrient deficiencies most commonly associated with pica are iron and, to a lesser extent, zinc. An association with lower selenium levels, along with an elevated oxidative stress index, has also been reported. Although there are many case studies in which iron supplementation preceded the disappearance of pica cravings, there is no conclusive evidence of a causal relationship between pica cravings and micronutrient deficiencies.●It is a protective behavior that helps shield the individual from harmful pathogens or chemicals during times of increased vulnerability, such as pregnancy. While some pica substances are clearly adsorptive and/or bind with the mucin layer of the gut and thus may be protective by binding with plant toxins, harmful chemicals, or pathogens, others, such as ice, are inconsistent with this hypothesis. Some pica substances, such as ice and clay, may be palliative to gastrointestinal distress (eg, soothe nausea, reduce ptyalism and diarrhea). ●Geophagy may improve a mother's immunity during pregnancy and lactation, possibly by altering the microbiome/intestinal flora, although minimal data are available.Pica is often associated with anemia (eg, primarily iron deficiency, but also hemolytic secondary to toxin consumption). In large meta-a**lyses evaluating the association between pica behavior in pregnancy and anemia or low hemoglobin/hematocrit, pica behavior was associated with a twofold increase in anemia (odds ratio 1.92, 95% CI 1.68-2.19, 23 studies) and 0.55 g/dL lower hemoglobin levels compared with no pica behavior. Similar relationships have been observed in nonpregnant populations. pica

10/30/2025

Polyhydramnios may be idiopathic or associated with a variety of fetal disorders. Decreased fetal swallowing or increased fetal urination is often the underlying mechanism for increased amniotic fluid volume (AFV). The most common associated conditions are fetal malformations and/or genetic disorders, maternal diabetes mellitus, multiple gestation, and fetal anemia. Approximately 40% of polyhydramnios is idiopathic. After birth, however, an abnormality is diagnosed in up to 25% of cases considered idiopathic prenatally. A single deepest pocket (SDP) ≥8 cm or amniotic fluid index (AFI) ≥24 cm is used to define polyhydramnios. It is classified as mild, moderate or severe. If a diagnosis of polyhydramnios is made: •Detailed sonographic evaluation to look for fetal anomalies and/or hydrops •Laboratory evaluations depend upon sonographic findings and may include screening for gestational diabetes, testing for fetomaternal hemorrhage if fetal anemia is suspected, maternal serology to determine exposure to infectious agents (eg, syphilis, parvovirus, cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, rubella), and appropriate tests for hereditary anemias (eg, alpha-thalassemia) or inborn errors of metabolism. The outcome of pregnancies complicated by polyhydramnios varies according to the severity and underlying etiology of the excessive fluid accumulation. Possible complications include maternal respiratory compromise, preterm labor, prelabor rupture of membranes, fetal malposition, abruption, umbilical cord prolapse, fetal or neonatal death, and/or postpartum uterine atony.

10/30/2025