01/23/2026
That Hock Swelling on Your Horse? Here's What Your Rehab Therapist is Actually Looking At.
You notice a bump on your horse's hock and think "swelling is swelling, right?" Not quite. Your rehab therapist is trained to identify which structure is involved - and that completely changes the treatment plan.
Here's what we need you to know:
Quick anatomy lesson: Your horse's hock is a stack of joints that work very differently. The top joint (tibiotarsal) moves a lot. The lower joints barely move at all - which means they handle wear and tear differently. Once you understand this, those bumps and puffs start making more sense.
What your therapist is differentiating:
Bog Spavin - Soft pouches on the front/sides of the hock = joint fluid buildup. We'll focus on managing workload, controlled exercise, and monitoring ground surfaces.
Bone Spavin - Hard bump on the inside of the hock with that classic "stiff when cold, better after warm-up" pattern. We'll work on strategic warm-up routines, coordinate with your farrier on support, and address the compensatory issues developing elsewhere.
Capped Hock - Swelling right on the point of the hock, usually from trauma or pressure. Often just cosmetic - we'll help you figure out what's causing it (stable setup, trailer habits) and whether it's limiting your horse.
Thoroughpin - Soft, squishy swelling just above the point of hock that you can press from side to side. Usually not painful, but we'll watch for tendon strain and adjust work accordingly.
Curb - Thickening on the back of the hock, below the point. Often related to conformation and how your horse loads that limb. Your farrier becomes critical here, and we'll need careful progression back to work.
Here's the thing: These conditions often happen together because when one area isn't working right, something else compensates. Your rehab therapist isn't just treating the swelling - they're working with your vet and farrier to address why it happened and prevent the domino effect.
That bump you're worried about? Your therapist knows exactly what questions to ask, what to assess, and how to build a plan that actually addresses the root cause.
Bottom line: Not all hock swelling is created equal, and cookie-cutter approaches don't work. Understanding what you're dealing with is the first step to getting your horse sound and keeping them that way.
Questions about what you're seeing on your horse? This is exactly why having a skilled rehab therapist on your team matters. Want a guide with more in depth information and lameness checklist, check out our free Pathology Guide here!
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