02/08/2022
INJURY SPOTLIGHT: HIP FLEXOR TIGHTNESS
A common complaint we hear from folks is that their hip flexors are tight, even amongst those who regularly stretch. While it's true that many people have tight hips from our modern, sitting-centric lifestyle, there is another aspect to this problem that is much less recognized: hip flexor inhibition.
Inhibition refers to when a muscle becomes neurologically ‘turned off’ and can’t contract fully. Muscle inhibition can happen anytime there is a joint issue at or near a muscle’s attachment. As an example, research has shown that if you have a swollen knee joint your quads tend to become inhibited.
When one muscle is underactive due to inhibition, the neighboring muscles tend to become overactive, or facilitated, as they attempt to compensate. One way to think of this is that if you had a basketball team with five players and one of them quits mid-game, the other four would have to work extra hard and would eventually start complaining. Frequently it is these other facilitated muscles that become tight or inflamed and cause symptoms that you feel. In fact this scenario is one of the most frequent underlying causes of overuse injuries.
There are two main hip flexors: the psoas and iliacus. Additionally there are several other muscles that assist hip flexion: the re**us femoris, sartorius, and TFL. Of these, the psoas is the most likely to suffer inhibition (due to the numerous joints in the lower back where it attaches) and one or more of the other hip flexors become facilitated and tighten.
Unfortunately when muscles are in this facilitated state, they don’t respond normally to stretching or traditional therapies; as long as they are continuing to compensate for the inhibited muscle they are going to want to stay tight. People will often get stuck in a pattern where stretching provides temporary relief, only to have things tighten back up again within a day or two.
We’re big on getting to the root cause of injuries. In the case of tight hip flexors (and the injuries they can be involved with) it is essential to screen for and treat psoas inhibition, its causes, and its facilitating effect on the other hip flexors. After accomplishing this, people often report their constant need to stretch resolves to a more normal level (i.e. once or twice a week.) While stretching is great, it's even better when you don’t have to!