20/07/2024
Melasma and dark pigmentation on the face can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
Hormonal Changes: Fluctuations in hormones, such as during pregnancy (chloasma or “mask of pregnancy”) or when using hormonal contraceptives, can trigger melasma.
Sun Exposure: Ultraviolet (UV) light stimulates melanocytes (cells that produce pigment), leading to increased pigmentation. Sun exposure without adequate protection can worsen melasma.
Genetics: There may be a genetic predisposition to developing melasma, as it often runs in families.
Skin Type: People with darker skin tones (Fitzpatrick skin types III-VI) are more prone to developing melasma and hyperpigmentation.
Cosmetics and Perfumes: Certain cosmetic products and perfumes may contain ingredients that cause pigmentation or trigger allergic reactions, leading to darkening of the skin.
Medications: Some medications, such as certain antibiotics, anti-seizure drugs, and hormone therapies, can cause pigmentation changes as a side effect.
Medical Conditions: Conditions such as thyroid disease or adrenal gland disorders can sometimes contribute to melasma.
Inflammation: Skin inflammation from conditions like acne or other skin disorders can stimulate melanocytes and lead to hyperpigmentation.
Heat: Chronic exposure to heat, such as from a heat source or from hot baths, can aggravate melasma.
Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH): Dark spots can develop after skin inflammation or injury heals, especially in individuals with darker skin tones.
It’s essential to consult with a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan, as treating melasma and dark pigmentation often requires a combination of approaches.
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