08/27/2024
Magnesium is an essential mineral and electrolyte that is a cofactor for over 600 enzymes in physiochemical processes related to bone development, DNA stability, metabolism, cell proliferation, energy transfer and energy storage. Over 60% of adults in the western population have subclinical magnesium deficiency. Low Mg intake is related to soil depletion and overly processed foods. Some medications inhibit Mg absorption (loop and thiazide diuretics, proton pump inhibitors). Low Mg intake creates a deficit that exacerbates oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and insulin resistance and consequently a vast array of signs and symptoms (increased risk of Alzheimer’s, gastrointestinal distress, restlessness, cardiovascular disease, insulin sensitivity, osteoporosis and more.)
A general recommendation for adult magnesium intake is ~400mg/day (pepitas, fresh spinach, chia seeds, cashews, almonds and salmon are foods highest in Mg).
There are various forms of magnesium supplements, each with slightly different benefits. For example:
Magnesium citrate prevents constipation, supports digestive health, and has high bioavailability good for replenishing magnesium levels in deficient individuals.
Magnesium glycinate is calming, supports restful sleep via increasing GABA neurotransmission, and has high bioavailability good for replenishing magnesium levels in deficient individuals.
Magnesium malate promotes muscle health by improving muscle pain, tension and fatigue. Also binds heavy metals (aluminum).
Magnesium threonate supports brain function, improves cognition & memory, reduces oxidative stress and improves the microbiota gut-brain axis.
Magnesium sulfate aka “Epsom salt”, soothes sore muscles and irritated skin (psoriasis, eczema)...also effective in treating pre-eclampsia.