NRE McQs practice with Mona

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NRE McQs practice with Mona NRE prep & McQs practice

26/03/2024

*Bacteria Buzzword*
1. Unpasturized Milk - *Listeria*
2. Epiglottitis - *H. Infuenzae (Type B)*
3. Stale Rice - *Bacillus Cerus*
4. Acute Otitis Media - *S. Pneumoniae*
5. Rusty Nail - *Clostridum Tetany*
6. Honey - *Clostridium Botulinium*
7. Pseudomembranous Colitis - *Clostridium Difficile*
8. Gas Gangrene - *Clostridium Perfringens*
9. Triple Therapy - *H. Pylori*
10. Caseating Granuloma - *Tuberculosis*
11. Aspiration Pnemonia - *Klebsiella*
12. Walking Pnemonia - *Mycoplasma Pnemoniae*
13. Contact lens - *Pseudomonas Aeruginosa*
14. Cattle, Sheep , Goat - *Coxiella Brunetti*
15. Air Conditioned office - *Legionella*
16. Flea Bites - *Yersinia Pestis*
17. Red Pigment - *Serratia*
18. Rice Water Diarrhea - *Vibrio Cholera*
19. Cat Scratch - *Bartonella*
20. Clue Cells - *Garnerella*
21. Rocky Mountains - *Rickettsia*
22. Whooping Cough - *Pertussis*
23. Black Eschar - *Bacillus Anthracis*
24. Bull's Eye Rash - *Boriella Burgdorferi (Lyme)*
25. Follicular Conjunctivitis - *Chlamydia Trachomatis*
26. I/V Drug use - *Staph Aureus*
27. White footed Mouse - *Anaplasma Phagocytophilum*

14/03/2024

A 65-year-old male with a history of atrial fibrillation is currently stabilized on warfarin therapy to maintain an international normalized ratio (INR) within the therapeutic range. Due to the diagnosis of active tuberculosis, the patient is initiated on rifampicin therapy. What is the most likely effect on the dose of warfarin required in this scenario?

a. Increase

b. Decrease

c. No change

d. Discontinue warfarin

05/03/2024

A drug of choice for patient in transposition of great vessels
A) Endomethacin
B) Prostaglandin
C) Beta Blockers
D) Ca+2 Blockers
E) A & B
F) None of above

05/03/2024

If 30 year old patient present to you with histroy of chest pain during rest condition in this patient rupture of atherosclerotic plaque on ECG show ST segment depression cardic enzyme negitive what is your diagnose ?

A.Stable angina
B.Unstable angina
C.prinzmental angina
D.All of these
Anser C.

05/03/2024

Horseshoe kidneys supported by
A) Celiac Trunk
B) Aorta
C) IMA
D) SMA
E ) Abdominal Aorta

05/03/2024

If 25 year old patient present to you with histroy of smkoing dyspena .shortness of breathing imbalances of protiese and anti protese on ivestigation seen pink buffer also this patient have AIAT deficieny what is your diagnose ?

A. Asthma
B.Chroinc broncitis
C.Both A and B
D.Emphyesema
Anser D

05/03/2024

If 35 year old patient present to you with histroy of failure of septum premium and secodum also this patient have a systemic artery thrombous what is your dignose ?

A.Fat emboli
B.Gas emboli
C.paradoxial emboli
D.sadlle emboli
Anser C.

05/03/2024

Q Partial ptosis miosis and anhidrosis?
A 3rd nerve palsy
B.mysthinia gravis
C . horner syndrome
D.Myogenic ptosis
Anser C.

05/03/2024

If 35 year old patient present to you with histroy of stones bones grons and thrones also have anxiety which Electrolyte involved in this patient ?
A.Sodium
B.potassium
C.magnesium
D.Calcium
Anser D
Ecplaination.
The symptoms "stones, bones, groans, and thrones" are often associated with hypercalcemia, which refers to elevated levels of calcium in the blood. Let's break down the associations:

1. Stones: Hypercalcemia can lead to the formation of kidney stones due to the excess calcium in the urine.
2. Bones: Elevated calcium levels can affect bones, leading to conditions like osteoporosis or bone pain.
3. Groans: Hypercalcemia can cause gastrointestinal symptoms, such as constipation, nausea, and abdominal pain.
4. Thrones: This refers to the increased frequency of urination, often seen in hypercalcemic individuals.

Therefore, in a patient presenting with these symptoms, calcium is the electrolyte most likely involved.

05/03/2024

If 35 year old patient present to you with histroy of metabolic alkalosis hypokalemia also patient have hypercalciuria and reabsorption defect in Thick ascending loop of henle which sydrome this patient seen
A.Fanconi syndrome
B.Batter syndrome
C.Gitelman syndrome
D.Liddle syndrome
Anser A

05/03/2024

If 30 year old patient present to you with histroy of Friction rub refer pain to neck and arm also shoulders what is your diagnoise ?

A. Ortner sydrome
B.Turner sydrome
C. Pericardium
D. Pericrditis
Anser D

03/03/2024

Drug of choice for ectopic pregnancy - Methotrexate

• Drug of choice for induction of labour- Oxytocin

• Drug of choice for postpartum hemorrhage - Oxytocin

• Drug of choice for hypertension in pregnancy - Alpha-Methyldopa

• Drug of choice for endometriosis - Danazol

• Drug of choice for asthma - Beta 2 agonists

• Drug of choice for postpartum breast engorgement - Oxytocin

• Drug of choice for seizures in eclampsia - Magnesium sulphate

• Drug of choice for seizure during pregnancy - Phenobarbitone

02/03/2024

During a laparoscopy for an unruptured ectopic pregnancy, the surgeon is indicating the safe placement of the lateral trocars. He points out blood vessels running on the peritoneal aspect of the anterior abdominal wall that he is going lateral to. What vessels are these?

a. Inferior epigastric

b. Superior epigastric

c. Ilioinguinal

d. Ascending femoral

e. Hypogastric
Anser .A

02/03/2024

A60-year-old man with a long history of high alcohol intake presents with ascites. He also has a history of longstanding hypertension. nI differentiating ascites caused by congestive heart failure and that caused by cirhosis of the liver, which one of the following si the most useful single physical sign?
A. Enlargement of the liver.
B. Systolic murmur.
C. Jaundice.
D. Raised jugular venous pressure (JVP).
E. Oedema of the ankles.
D .. answer

02/03/2024

Apatient with a crush injury of the anterior chest, with bilateral fractures of multiple ribs with paradoxical ventilation, si best initially treated by which one of the following?
A. Thoracotomy and internal fixation.
B. Strapping of the chest to prevent flailing.
C. Immobilisation by external fixation.
D. Intubation a n d controlled ventilation a n d insertion of intercostal catheters.E Pressure support, such as with sandbags, to prevent flailing.
Anser Is D.

02/03/2024

Which one of the following sets of symptoms would best fit a diagnosis of lower limb ischaemia related to major vessel atherosclerotic thrombotic occlusion?
A. Sudden onset of pain in the calf.
B. Gradual onset of paralysis ni the calf and foot.
C. Pain in the buttocks brought on by walking and relieved by recumbency. D. Shooting pain down the posterior aspect of the thigh and leg.
E. Nocturnal rest pain partly relieved by leg dependency.
Answer is E .
Al the symptoms listed could be brought on by ischaemia, but the only one that
Is clearly related to major vessel atherosclerotic occlusion is nocturnal rest pain partially relieved by leg dependency E( is correct). Pain at night may be relieved by hanging the affected limb over the edge of the bed - this symptom is characteristic
of severe major vessel disease.
Sudden onseto fcalfpain and paralysis are more typically associated with an embolic event.
Paini nthebuttocksrelatedt owalkinga n drelievedbyrecumbency may equally well be due to spinal canal stenosis.
Shootingpain down the posterior aspect of the leg si more suggestive of 'sciatica' (discogenic pain due ot lumbosacral nerve root irritatio

02/03/2024

A 30-year-old man presents to the emergency department complaining of a dry cough, fever, dyspnoea and diarrhoea which began three days after the onset of an upper respiratory tract infection. On physical examination his respiratory rate si 20/ min, temperature 40.5°C and the chest shows bibasal inspiratory crackles. Chest X-ray shows bilateral interstitial infiltrates. Initial antimicrobial therapy should be which one of the following?
A. Penicillin.
B. Azithromycin.
C. Ciprofioxacin.
D. High dose trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole E. Amoxycillin/clavulinic acid.
B is correct.
Explain nation..

This question si testing the ability of a candidate to recognise an atypical pattern of pneumonia, with a paucity of chest signs in relation to significant patient-reported illness. The chest X-ray si often unremarkable initially but develops infiltrates after 72 hours. The stem of htsi question raises particular concern about possible Legionella pneumophila pneumonia. The temperature and gastrointestinal symptoms are ni keeping whti
this.
The correct answer si azithromycin, as ti has activity against all the atypical organisms, including Legionella spp., Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia species and si wel tolerated B( si correct). Al the other options fail to cover this array of organisms. tI si important that an intracellular antibiotic be instituted early
ni this setting, as up to 50% of atypical pneumonias fail ot demonstrate acausative organism from sputum and/or blood cultures.
'In the absence of a test such as PCR or a positive Gram stain for a pyogenic organism, patients with community-acquired pneumonia must be treated empirically with a regimen that would cover atypical pneumonias.
Macrolides are the mainstay fo therapy for atypical pneumonia and may cover Streptococcus pneumoniae sa well. Azithromycin has b e c o m e the most common drug to use. Erythromycin si less expensive but associated with common gastrointestinal side effects. Azithromycin also covers Legionella spp."

29/02/2024

multiple-choice questions related to the oxygen dissociation curve:

1. What does the oxygen dissociation curve illustrate?
a) Oxygen saturation in hemoglobin
b) Carbon dioxide levels in the blood
c) Blood pH variations
d) Hemoglobin concentration

2. How does an increase in temperature affect the oxygen dissociation curve?
a) Shifts it to the left
b) Shifts it to the right
c) No effect on the curve
d) Causes a linear change

3. Which factor decreases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, causing a rightward shift in the curve?
a) Decreased temperature
b) Increased pH
c) Increased 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG)
d) Decreased carbon dioxide levels

4. At the tissues, where oxygen needs to be released, what is the significance of the position of the oxygen dissociation curve?
a) Shift to the left enhances oxygen release
b) Shift to the right enhances oxygen release
c) No impact on oxygen release
d) Enhances oxygen binding

5. What type of relationship does the oxygen dissociation curve demonstrate between partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) and hemoglobin saturation?
a) Linear
b) Exponential
c) Inverse
d) Sigmoid

, here are the answers:
1. a) Oxygen saturation in hemoglobin
2. b) Shifts it to the right
3. c) Increased 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG)
4. b) Shift to the right enhances oxygen release
5. d) Sigmoidal

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