MRC Epidemiology Unit

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MRC Epidemiology Unit Obesity, type 2 diabetes and related metabolic disorders present a major and growing global public health challenge.

The MRC Epidemiology Unit investigates the individual and combined effects of genetic, developmental, behavioural & environmental factors that cause obesity, type 2 diabetes and to develop and evaluate strategies to prevent them and their consequences. These disorders result from a complex interplay between genetic, developmental, behavioural and environmental factors that operate throughout life. The mission of the MRC Epidemiology Unit is to investigate the individual and combined effects of these factors and to develop and evaluate strategies to prevent these diseases and their consequences. In this way, we are working to improve the health of people in the UK and around the world. We are a Medical Research Council Unit embedded as a department of the University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine. The Unit is part of the Wellcome – MRC Institute of Metabolic Science (IMS) on the Cambridge Biomedical Campus, where the principle offices and laboratories of the Unit are physically located. Unit Director Professor Nick Wareham is Co-Director of the IMS with Professor Sir Stephen O’Rahilly. Being embedded in the IMS is critical to our aspiration to follow up associations between exposures and metabolic disease outcomes to determine possible causality and mechanisms. The Unit is also a part of Cambridge Population Health Sciences, a three department partnership of the Department of Public Health and Primary Care and the MRC Biostatistics Unit. Collectively, the Partnership pursues a wide range of research across epidemiology, biostatistics, population health and primary care, and delivers the Masters courses in Population Health Sciences. We are delivering on our mission through eight High Level Objectives which connect all our research programmes and infrastructure.

- To investigate the causes of obesity, diabetes and related metabolic disorders
- To develop understanding of mechanisms identified by population-based studies
- To develop and evaluate individual level approaches to the prevention of diabetes, obesity and related metabolic disorders in children and adults
- To inform, develop and evaluate population-based approaches to improving health
- To develop new methods, resources and tools for epidemiological and public health research
- To investigate approaches to improving global health, particularly in low and middle income countries
- To build capacity for conducting, understanding and using local, national, and international epidemiology and public health research
- To contribute to the translation of research evidence into policy and practice

The main objectives of each individual research programme are mapped to one or more of these High Level Objectives, which therefore provide a unifying framework to illustrate and augment the cross-links and collaborations between programmes.

Join our hybrid Bradford Hill Seminar 'Leveraging External Data for Testing Experimental Therapies with Biomarker Intera...
04/02/2026

Join our hybrid Bradford Hill Seminar 'Leveraging External Data for Testing Experimental Therapies with Biomarker Interactions in Randomized Clinical Trials' with Professor Lorenzo Trippa, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

When: Friday 27 February, 1 PM

Attend in-person: Large Downstairs Teaching Room, East Forvie Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR.

Attend online: Regester on Zoom

For more information and registration see comment below.

New genetic research led by University of Cambridge researchers Emily Morbey and Professor Ken Ong has linked high level...
02/02/2026

New genetic research led by University of Cambridge researchers Emily Morbey and Professor Ken Ong has linked high levels of testosterone in the blood to a greater risk of coronary artery disease in men.

Testosterone supplementation is an approved treatment for hypogonadism, a condition in which the body doesn’t make enough of the hormone, and which typically manifests with fatigue and sexual dysfunction. Evidence from randomised controlled trials has shown beneficial effects of testosterone supplementation on sexual function, lean mass and muscle strength.

Recent years have seen testosterone supplements being promoted increasingly on social media, however, questions remain about the long-term health impacts of testosterone levels.

To study the relationship between circulating testosterone levels and the risk of coronary artery disease, the team used Mendelian randomisation, a technique that uses genetic variants as a way of exploring causal links between exposures and disease. They analysed data from more than 400,000 adults in UK Biobank and over 1 million individuals in CARDIoGRAMplusC4D.

They found that for men, genetically higher testosterone was associated with a 17% higher risk of coronary artery disease. Previous studies have suggested that an individual’s risk of coronary artery disease is 7.3% over their lifetime – testosterone supplementation would raise this to 8.5%. The researchers found no clear link between testosterone and risk of coronary artery disease in women.

Professor Ong commented that their results suggest that there’s a need for the UK to introduce more consistent warnings on the potential cardiovascular risk associated with testosterone supplementation.” .

See comments below for more information.

Research shows that there are ethnic differences in thiamine (vitamin B1) status.Thiamine is an essential nutrient we ge...
23/01/2026

Research shows that there are ethnic differences in thiamine (vitamin B1) status.

Thiamine is an essential nutrient we get from pulses, nuts, dairy, and from white bread flour, which is fortified with thiamine. It has been proven to play an essential role in cognition and mental health.

Using data from the UK’s National Diet and Nutrition Survey, a team of researchers from the MRC Epidemiology suggests there are ethnic differences in thiamine status.

Led by Prof. Albert Koulman, the team found that Black and Asian participants did not consume as much vitamin B1 as White participants, but this was not enough to explain the difference in status between Black and White participants.

Read more - https://buff.ly/KmzpKEG

This work was funded by the NIHR (National Institute for Health and Care Research) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre.

The UK NDNS is funded by the Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (Department of Health and Social Care) and the Food Standards Agency. The survey is currently delivered by the National Centre for Social Research and the MRC Epidemiology Unit at the University of Cambridge.

Researchers from the Global Diet and Activity Research Network contributed to a book on Urban Health in Africa, publishe...
16/01/2026

Researchers from the Global Diet and Activity Research Network contributed to a book on Urban Health in Africa, published by Johns Hopkins University Press.

The book explores the critical impacts of rapid urbanisation on the health and prosperity of Africans. Through compelling case studies, contributors highlight the unique challenges and innovative solutions in Africa’s urban health.

Chapter 13 in the book is Urban Environments and Healthy Behaviors: Preventing the Epidemic of Chronic Diseases in African Cities by GDAR researchers Meelan Thondoo, PhD, Feyisayo Wayas, and Tolullah Oni

Learn more - https://buff.ly/xtObDjW

Exciting news! The EPIC-Norfolk and Fenland studies have recently been shortlisted by the Novo Nordisk Foundation to tak...
15/01/2026

Exciting news! The EPIC-Norfolk and Fenland studies have recently been shortlisted by the Novo Nordisk Foundation to take part in their Inter-SUSTAIN call.

There is now an opportunity for researchers to submit proposed research projects to compete for funding as the second part of this call. If a research project is successful then both the researcher and the study database will receive funding, helping to not only support the research project but also support improving and maintaining the study database.

More information can be found on the Novo Nordisk Foundation website https://buff.ly/l4cajbW

If you are a researcher considering submitting a data request, we would encourage you to take a look at the Novo Nordisk Foundation website and consider submitting a project proposal before the closing date of 10th February 2026.

Your last chance to register for today's Bradford Hill Seminar. It's an in person event with Professor Clare Turnbull of...
14/01/2026

Your last chance to register for today's Bradford Hill Seminar.

It's an in person event with Professor Clare Turnbull of the Institute of Cancer Research, who will join us to discuss:

Expanding testing of cancer susceptibility genes from the clinic to the population: exploring the evidence gaps

📅 Wed 14 January 1 PM (UK)

Info & registration: https://buff.ly/Hpbj8qM

Last chance to sign up to the Cambridge Biomedical Campus PhD Symposium! The symposium features inspiring keynote talks,...
13/01/2026

Last chance to sign up to the Cambridge Biomedical Campus PhD Symposium!

The symposium features inspiring keynote talks, student flash talks, career advice panels, and research skills workshops for PhD students undertaking their studies on the Cambridge Biomedical Campus.

Attendance sign-ups will close this Friday 16/01.

Registration is free and can be done - https://buff.ly/MSLrw6b

A lot of unhealthy food in the UK is sold using price promotions or special offers, such as ‘buy one get one free (BOGOF...
13/01/2026

A lot of unhealthy food in the UK is sold using price promotions or special offers, such as ‘buy one get one free (BOGOF)’ deals.

In October 2025 price and multibuy promotions on unhealthy food and drink were banned in England. Scotland and Wales are planning to bring in similar bans.

A team led by Dr Oliver Mytton at University College London (UCL) together with Unit researchers Prof. White and Prof. Jean Adams have been awarded a grant from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) for the SHOP study to understand the impact of voluntary bans that some supermarkets implemented before the national ban in England came into force.

The SHOP study team will use information collected by market research companies on people’s food shopping to study the impact of stopping the use of special offers, comparing how much and what type of food people bought before and after special offers were stopped. This information will be used to estimate the impact that changes in the foods people buy might have on their health, and the possible impact on NHS costs.

As part of the SHOPS study, Dr Natalie Egan of the MRC Epidemiology Unit is inviting 40 people with different shopping experiences to share their thoughts on shopping and price promotions. If you’d like to get involved, find out more on the Promo Bans study website.

More information https://buff.ly/GsN3aOi

Our first Bradford Hill Seminar of 2026 is an in person event with Professor Clare Turnbull of the Institute of Cancer R...
12/01/2026

Our first Bradford Hill Seminar of 2026 is an in person event with Professor Clare Turnbull of the Institute of Cancer Research, who will join us to discuss:

Expanding testing of cancer susceptibility genes from the clinic to the population: exploring the evidence gaps

📅 Wed 14 January 1 PM (UK)

Info & registration: https://buff.ly/hZtYEKZ

People prescribed the new generation of weight loss drugs such as semaglutide and tirzepatid  may not receive sufficient...
08/01/2026

People prescribed the new generation of weight loss drugs such as semaglutide and tirzepatid may not receive sufficient nutritional guidance to support safe and sustainable weight loss, leaving them vulnerable to nutritional deficiencies and muscle loss.

In a systematic review published today, the UCL and University of Cambridge team found a lack of robust evidence surrounding nutritional advice and support and the impact this has on factors such as calorie intake, body composition, protein adequacy, and patient experiences.

The researchers, Dr Marie Spreckley and Dr Cara Ruggiero at the MRC Epidemiology Unit, and Dr Adrian Brown at UCL, identified just 12 studies that looked at nutrition and diet alongside treatment with semaglutide or tirzepatide. Even then, as the trials varied widely in their approaches to dietary advice and nutritional assessment and lacked standardised protocols and reporting, it was difficult to reach robust conclusions to inform the optimal support for people taking weight loss drugs.

While there was insufficient evidence from the studies to recommend strict low-fat diets to complement the weight loss drugs, some studies found that people on the treatments often consumed excessive levels of total and saturated fat. This suggests that there might be a need for individualised fat intake guidance, aligned with broad national recommendations.

Dr Spreckley commented:

"If nutritional care is not integrated alongside treatment, there’s a risk of replacing one set of health problems with another, through preventable nutritional deficiencies and largely avoidable loss of muscle mass. This represents a missed opportunity to support long-term health alongside weight loss.”

Dr Spreckley leads the newly launched AMPLIFY study that seeks to understand how people experience next-generation weight loss therapies when used for weight management, to help identify the types of information and wrap-around support that are most meaningful and needed in real-world care.

The research was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), with additional support from the Medical Research Council and the NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Centre.

Links to more information in the comments below.

The 2025 issue 5 of the epigram newsletter is out now!In this issue we're counting the cost of calories, looking back at...
18/12/2025

The 2025 issue 5 of the epigram newsletter is out now!

In this issue we're counting the cost of calories, looking back at our 2025 research successes, and sharing a veritable feast of podcasts.

Happy Christmas from us to you and yours.

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MRC Epidemiology Unit, University Of Cambridge School Of Clinical Medicine, Box 285 Institute Of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus

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