25/05/2022
Recent developments in research as well as film and media have brought a spotlight to the world of concussions in sport and elsewhere. Let’s take a look at what concussions are and why athletes, specifically those involved in contact sports, should be aware of their dangers.
Concussions occur when the brain forcefully collides with the skull, typically caused by a blow to the head or violent shaking of the body, e.g. whiplash. The symptoms (usually temporary) most often include cognitive impairment, headaches, confusion, lack of coordination, memory loss, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, ringing in the ears, sleepiness, fatigue, impaired movement and impaired sensory ability (such as the ability to concentrate, read and write).
In high impact sports such as rugby, American football, boxing and more, where blows to the head are common occurrences, concussions are especially hazardous to athletes.
One of the issues is that there is no specific cure for concussion, and research constantly suggests new means of dealing with head trauma. Historically, experts have advocated rest and restricting activity (not just the actual sporting ones) to allow the brain time to recover. Close monitoring by a medical practitioner with experience treating head trauma/concussion is often necessary. Any further trauma to the head could cause severe and more lasting damage if received before the brain has recovered from the initial bout of concussion. For this reason, doctors often recommend lengthy lay-offs after concussion assessments, hampering professional athletes’ abilities to partake in their respective codes.
However, studies on the brain injury have multiplied 15 times across the last two decades. Recent research now suggests a management strategy that calls for strictly monitored and prescribed exercise, specifically aerobic or cardio training, to manage concussion symptoms. So, the new approach seems to suggest only brief rest of around two days, followed by beneficial exercise as the key to recovery.
Science is a constantly evolving endeavour but shouldn’t be viewed as black or white; sometimes, dealing in the grey (matter) allows new methods to take hold and new approaches to be developed. Who knows what the future of head trauma research may hold with this mindset?
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