31/03/2022
This is an interesting discussion to have. It is always tempting to try to reduce explaination to simplicity. This opens up the possibilities. Sorry to those who love easy or quick answers. David Butler and Lorimer Moseley’ s work on pain is a good addition.
What if I told you... 🙂⠀
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Chronic (back) pain is not about mechanical problems, like a vertebra out of alignment, slipped disc etc.⠀
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Pain is a complex, multi-factoral experience.⠀
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Chronic back pain can be influenced by the following:⠀
-Psychological factors (depression, anxiety, stress, fear avoidance, illness beliefs)⠀
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-Lifestyle factors (sedentary lifestyle, poor general health, poor sleeping patterns)⠀
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-Social factors (job dissatisfaction and unwholesome work relationships, hypervigilance and over-concern from family)⠀
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And that can create central sensitization (a bit controversial term), which is in fact a hypersensitive nervous system.⠀
Here a better explanation:⠀
"According to Woolf (2011), CS is ‘operationally defined as an amplification of neural signaling within the central nervous⠀
system (CNS) that elicits pain hypersensitivity’.⠀
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CS is a broad concept reflecting not only spinal cord sensitization⠀
but also enhanced activity of pain descending facilitation pathways (Meeus and Nijs, 2007; Staud et al., 2007), loss of descending antinociceptive mechanisms (Meeus et al., 2008), overactivity in the pain neuromatrix (Seifert and Maihöfner, 2009) and long-term potentiation of neuronal synapsis in the⠀
anterior cingulate cortex (Zhuo, 2007).⠀
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Wind-up, activation of collateral synapses, apoptosis of gABAergic⠀
inhibitory interneurons, sprouting of Aβ-fibres in lamina II or glial activation are also important functional changes observed in the CNS with CS (Woolf, 2011)."⠀
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Quote from:⠀
Lluch et al. (2014) Evidence for central sensitization in patients with osteoarthritis pain: A systematic literature review⠀
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What do you think of this?⠀
Let us know in the comments! 🙂
Btw if you want to learn more about central sensitization, make sure to watch the new pain science course on Trustme-Ed by Niamh Moloney and Martin Rabey. Good stuff in there. 🙂👍
https://www.trustme-ed.com/lectures/pain-translating-neuroscience-into-clinical-practice