29/09/2025
Balance becomes harder with age due to declines in the musculoskeletal system, including muscle strength and joint flexibility, and age-related changes in the nervous system, such as decreased vision and inner ear function, as well as reduced coordination between the brain and body. Other factors include medication side effects, chronic health conditions, and decreased blood flow to the brain.
Changes in the Musculoskeletal System
Decreased Muscle Strength: Age-related muscle loss (sarcopenia) weakens the muscles needed to maintain stability and stop body movements, making it harder to recover from a loss of balance.
Reduced Flexibility and Joint Mobility: A decline in flexibility can restrict the range of motion in your joints, which is crucial for stable movement and balance.
Changes in the Nervous System
Sensory Decline: Vision can become impaired, with reduced depth perception and difficulty differentiating contrasts, making it harder to navigate and identify hazards.
Inner Ear Problems: The vestibular system, located in the inner ear and responsible for detecting movement and maintaining equilibrium, can become less effective.
Brain Function: Aging can affect the brain's ability to integrate sensory information and send proper motor commands, impacting coordination and balance control.
Other Contributing Factors
Medication Side Effects: Many medications commonly used by older adults can cause dizziness, drowsiness, or a drop in blood pressure, all of which increase the risk of falls.
Chronic Conditions: Conditions like arthritis, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, and dementia can affect a person's mobility, coordination, and overall stability.
Reduced Blood Flow to the Brain: Decreased blood flow or damage to blood vessels in the brain, particularly in areas like the cerebellum and brainstem that control balance, can lead to instability.
Lifestyle: A sedentary lifestyle with limited physical activity can contribute to reduced muscle strength and flexibility, further impacting balance.
Start practicing with balance exercises today before your balance declines, putting you at risk of falls and fractures.
