Thyro-Neck Clinic & Research Center

Thyro-Neck Clinic & Research Center A specialized center for Thyroid, Parathyroid, Parotid and Head-neck cancer surgery by multidisciplinary team to achieve comprehensive cure.

Case scenario:60 years old lady presented with huge thyroid swelling for last 20 years.She has no complaints regarding t...
16/11/2025

Case scenario:

60 years old lady presented with huge thyroid swelling for last 20 years.
She has no complaints regarding this.
Her investigation reveals benign nodular goitre.
what will be management plan?

Case summary -

Age-60years
Gender- Female
Presenting - Huge thyroid swelling
Duration - 20years
Cytology -Benign thyroid swelling
No clinical complaints

1. Rassess for Any Subtle Symptoms

Even if she denies complaints, large goitres can cause unnoticed:
• Pressure symptoms (mild dyspnea, dysphagia, hoarseness)
• Signs of retrosternal extension
• Cosmetic concerns
• Subclinical hyperthyroidism

Ask specifically, and consider imaging to rule out hidden compression.

2. Essential Investigations

Since diagnosis is “benign nodular goitre,” ensure the full workup is complete:

a. Thyroid function tests
• Serum TSH, FT3, FT4

b. Ultrasound of neck
• Confirms benign features
• Identifies dominant or suspicious nodules

c. FNAC (fine-needle aspiration)
• Already benign—ensure sampling was done of dominant nodule

d. X-ray neck / CT neck-chest (if large or retrosternal)
• Evaluate tracheal compression, deviation, retrosternal extension

3. Management-

Treatment depends on size, symptoms, cosmetic issues, and progression.

A. If asymptomatic and no compression

Conservative management (preferred)
• Observation
• Monitor every 6–12 months
• Thyroid function tests
• Neck ultrasound
• Clinical examination
• Iodine supplementation if need.

B. If Goitre is very large, growing, or cosmetically disturbing

Elective Surgery

Near total /total thyroidectomy/Hemithyroidectomy , depending on:
• Size of goitre
. Involved Lobe
• Presence of dominant nodules
• Cosmetic discomfort

Indications for surgery even in benign goitre:
• Large goitre (>4 cm nodules)
• Retrosternal extension
• Mechanical(Tracheal/ esophageal )compression
• Suspicious FNAC or rapid increase in size
• Cosmetic concern
• Patient preference

C. If Mild Compression but Patient Declines Surgery

Radioiodine (I-131) therapy is an option

Useful in:
• Elderly patients
• Poor surgical candidates
• Large multinodular goitre

Reduces goitre size by ~30–60% over 6–18 months.

4. Thyroxine Suppression Therapy?

NOT recommended

• Ineffective in multinodular goitre
• Risk of iatrogenic hyperthyroidism, especially in the elderly

Recommended Plan for THIS Patient-

Based on typical guidelines:

Since she is 60 yrs, with a huge goitre present for 20 years, even if benign:
• Assess for compression clinically + imaging
• If any compression → surgery
• If no compression, no cosmetic issues → observation is acceptable
• If goitre is huge cosmetically or progressively enlarging → elective thyroidectomy.



FOLLOW UP PROTOCOL FOR BENIGN THYROID NODULE :Standard follow-up protocol for a benign thyroid nodule :1. Initial Follow...
14/11/2025

FOLLOW UP PROTOCOL FOR BENIGN THYROID NODULE :

Standard follow-up protocol for a benign thyroid nodule :

1. Initial Follow-Up After Benign FNAC

For a nodule confirmed benign on fine-needle aspiration (FNA):

Ultrasound (US) at 12–24 months

• If the nodule is stable (no significant growth and no new suspicious features), extend future follow-ups to every 3–5 years or even stop surveillance depending on clinical context.

2. What Counts as “Significant Growth”?

A nodule is considered to have grown if:
• ≥20% increase in at least two dimensions and ≥2 mm increase, or
• ≥50% increase in volume

If growth meets this threshold, repeat FNAC is typically recommended.

3. When to Repeat FNAC

Repeat FNAC is indicated if:
• The nodule grows significantly
• New suspicious ultrasound features appear
- Microcalcifications,
- Marked hypoechogenicity
- Irregular margins
- Taller-than-wide shape

• The initial FNAC was nondiagnostic and the nodule persists

4. If the Nodule Is Stable Over Time

If the nodule shows:
• No significant growth
• No new suspicious US features

Then:
• Follow-up US can be every 3–5 years
• Some clinicians may stop routine surveillance for consistently stable benign nodules, especially if 4 cm)
• Risk of false-negative FNAC is slightly higher
• Follow up at 12 months, then as indicated
• Surgery considered if compressive symptoms occur

Symptoms or cosmetic concerns
• Management depends on compressive symptoms; surgery or minimally invasive procedures may be discussed

6. When to Stop Surveillance

Stopping follow-up is reasonable when:
• A nodule has had ≥2 benign FNAs, or
• It has been stable for many years, or
• It has low-risk ultrasound features

13/11/2025

Case Scenario -

39 years old male presented with thyroid swelling for 2 years.
FNAC reveals follicular neoplasm.
USG shows left sided large nodule measuring about
3.5cm and right sided 2 small nodule measuring 8mm and 5mm.

what will be management plan?

Case summary
• 39-year-old male
• Multinodular goiter (MNG)
• FNAC: Follicular neoplasm (→ “follicular neoplasm” or “suspicious for follicular neoplasm” means we can’t tell adenoma vs carcinoma on cytology; we need histology for capsular/vascular invasion)
• Ultrasound:
• Left lobe: dominant nodule 3.5 cm
• Right lobe: two small nodules (8 mm, 5 mm)



Step 1. Interpretation of FNAC
• Follicular neoplasm = Bethesda Category IV
→ Risk of malignancy ≈ 15–30%
→ Surgical excision is indicated for diagnosis (cannot be determined by FNAC alone).



Step 2. Management options

I. Diagnostic surgical management
• Preferred initial surgery:
Diagnostic Hemithyroidectomy (lobectomy + isthmusectomy) of the affected lobe (here, left side with the 3.5 cm dominant nodule).
• Purpose: Obtain histopathology to differentiate follicular adenoma vs follicular carcinoma.
• Also removes the symptomatic/enlarged side.

II. Completion thyroidectomy -

• If histopathology shows:
• Follicular carcinoma (especially with vascular/capsular invasion)
→ Completion thyroidectomy is indicated.

• If benign (follicular adenoma) → no further surgery; follow-up with USG and thyroid function tests.

III. Small nodules in contralateral lobe

Comprehensive follow-up protocol after total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), based on major guideli...
10/11/2025

Comprehensive follow-up protocol after total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), based on major guidelines (e.g., American Thyroid Association [ATA] 2015 and NCCN updates):

1. Immediate Postoperative Period (Hospital / Early Post-Op)

To monitor for complications and plan long-term follow-up.

• Calcium / PTH levels: monitor for hypocalcemia(start calcium ± calcitriol if needed)
• Thyroid hormone replacement: start levothyroxine to suppress TSH.
• Initial target:
High risk: TSH 4 cm, gross extrathyroidal extension, nodal/distant metastases, or intermediate-risk features.
Low-risk patients may omit RAI.



3. 6–12 Months After Surgery (After ± RAI)

To assess treatment response.
• Serum Tg and TgAb:
• Measured on thyroid hormone therapy or after TSH stimulation (either by withdrawal or rhTSH).
• Neck ultrasound.
• RAI whole-body scan (if RAI given) may be performed at 6–12 months to confirm ablation success.

Response categories (ATA 2015):

I. Respone- Excellent
Undetectable Tg, no TgAb
Imaging Negative
Risk- Very low

II. Response - Biochemical incomplete
Tg detectable,
Imaging negative
Risk- Moderate

III. Response - Structural incomplete
Structural disease
Risk- Higher

IV. Response -Indeterminate
Nonspecific findings
Risk- Needs follow-up

4. Long-Term Follow-Up (Annually or as indicated)

To lifelong surveillance for recurrence.

• Tg and TgAb every 6–12 months (more frequent if incomplete/indeterminate response).
• Neck ultrasound every 12–24 months, or more often if abnormal Tg trend.
• TSH suppression adjustment:
• Excellent response → relax TSH to low-normal range (0.5–2.0).
• Persistent disease → maintain stronger suppression (

Case Scenario -9 years old girl presenting with left thyroid nodule. Her cytology reveals papillary thyroid carcinoma. W...
08/11/2025

Case Scenario -

9 years old girl presenting with left thyroid nodule. Her cytology reveals papillary thyroid carcinoma.
What will be next plan?

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in a 9-year-old girl. Pediatric thyroid cancers are rare but generally have an excellent prognosis when properly managed.

1. Confirm and Stage the Diagnosis

• High-resolution neck ultrasound:

To assess both lobes, isthmus, and cervical lymph nodes (central and lateral compartments).

• Thyroid function tests (TFTs) —

though PTC often occurs in euthyroid patients.

• Fine-needle aspiration (FNA)-

Should have confirmed papillary carcinoma.

If lymphadenopathy is detected → neck node mapping with ultrasound ± contrast-enhanced CT (if extensive disease is suspected).

2. Surgical Management:

In children, papillary thyroid carcinoma tends to be multifocal and bilateral, so:

Recommended:
• Total thyroidectomy (preferred)
• Because of high rates of multifocality (up to 30–40%) and bilateral disease.

3. Neck Dissection
• Central compartment neck dissection (Level VI):

Therapeutic:
If nodes are clinically or radiologically positive.

Prophylactic:
Often recommended in pediatric patients even if nodes are not clinically involved, because of high risk of microscopic metastasis.

• Lateral neck dissection: only if nodes in lateral compartments are positive.

4. Postoperative Management
• Thyroid hormone replacement (levothyroxine):

To maintain euthyroidism and suppress TSH (which can stimulate tumor recurrence).

• Radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation:
Considered if:

There is residual disease,
Lymph node or distant metastasis,
Or if the primary tumor is large (>1–2 cm).
Usually given a few weeks after surgery once TSH rises (either via withdrawal or recombinant TSH).

• Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) and anti-Tg antibody levels: used as tumor markers for follow-up.

5. Long-term Follow-up

Children require lifelong surveillance:
• Neck ultrasound every 6–12 months initially.
• Thyroglobulin levels (on TSH suppression or after stimulation).
• Monitor for hypocalcemia, hypothyroidism, and other surgical complications.



Case Summary - 27 years old lady diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma. She is 4 months pregnant. what will be next s...
06/11/2025

Case Summary -

27 years old lady diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma. She is 4 months pregnant.
what will be next steps of management

Age: 27 years old
Diagnosis: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC)
Gestation: 4 months pregnant (~16 weeks)

Management Plan:

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) during pregnancy depends on several factors including gestational age, tumor size, aggressiveness, and maternal/fetal safety.

1. Confirm Diagnosis and Staging
• Confirm diagnosis with ultrasound-guided FNAC (which can be safely done in pregnancy).

Evaluate:
Tumor size
Extrathyroidal extension
Lymph node involvement (neck ultrasound)

Avoid radioactive iodine scans — contraindicated in pregnancy.



2. Assess Tumor Aggressiveness
• Low-risk PTC
-small
-intrathyroidal,
-slow-growing
usually indolent during pregnancy.

• High-risk features
-large tumor >4 cm,
-rapidly growing,
-local invasion,
-bulky nodal disease
more urgent treatment may be needed.



3. Timing of Surgery

A. If tumor is small, stable, and asymptomatic
• Defer thyroid surgery until after delivery.
• Pregnancy does not worsen prognosis.
• Perform serial neck ultrasound each trimester.
• Thyroidectomy can be done postpartum, typically after 6 weeks.

B. If tumor shows rapid growth or compressive symptoms
• Surgery (thyroidectomy) can be safely performed in the second trimester (13–24 weeks).
• Second trimester is safest (less risk of miscarriage and preterm labor).
• Avoid surgery in 1st trimester (organogenesis) and 3rd trimester (preterm labor risk).



4. Thyroid Hormone (TSH) Suppression
• Continue or start levothyroxine to keep TSH suppressed but within safe maternal-fetal range:
• Goal: TSH 0.1–0.4 mIU/L (mild suppression).
• Regular monitoring every 6–8 weeks.



5. Radioactive Iodine (RAI) Therapy
• Contraindicated in pregnancy (and while breastfeeding).
• If indicated, perform after delivery and cessation of breastfeeding (usually ≥6 weeks postpartum).



6. Postpartum Plan
• Definitive total thyroidectomy (if not done during pregnancy).
• RAI ablation after surgery and when safe postpartum.
• Continue TSH suppression therapy and follow-up with thyroglobulin levels and neck ultrasound.



30/10/2025

Case Summary

• Age: 26 years young male presented with left thyroid nodular goiter
• Surgery: Hemithyroidectomy for presumed nodular goiter
• Histopathology reveals Follicular Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (FVPTC)


What will be next steps of management???

⚕️ Next Steps in Management

1. Review the Final Pathology Report Carefully

Key features to determine further management:
• Tumor size
• Capsular or vascular invasion
• Extrathyroidal extension
• Surgical margin status
• Lymph node involvement (if any)
• Multifocality

→ These factors determine whether completion thyroidectomy or observation is appropriate.

2. Risk Stratification (ATA Criteria)

• # Risk group- Low Risk

Features- Intrathyroidal, unifocal, 4 cm
• Positive margins
• Extrathyroidal extension
• Lymph node metastases
• Vascular invasion
• Bilateral or multifocal disease
• Need for radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy anticipated

If none of the above:
→ Hemithyroidectomy alone may be adequate.



4. Postoperative Evaluation (if completion not done)
• Neck ultrasound (6–12 weeks post-op)
• TSH level
• Thyroglobulin (Tg) and anti-Tg antibodies (baseline)
• Consider genetic testing (rarely indicated for FVPTC)



5. If Completion Thyroidectomy Performed
• Wait at least 4–6 weeks after first surgery.
• Then RAI ablation considered if intermediate/high risk.
• Levothyroxine started to suppress TSH.

6. Long-term Follow-up

Parameter- Serum Tg & anti-Tg Ab
Frequency - Every 6–12 months

Parameter- Neck Ultrasound
Frequency - 6–12 months post-op, then as indicated

Parameter- TSH Suppression Goal
Low-risk: 0.5–2.0 mIU/L; High-risk:

Visit our website to know about our center, our MDT (multi-disciplinary team), our services, your FAQs, and location.
28/10/2025

Visit our website to know about our center, our MDT (multi-disciplinary team), our services, your FAQs, and location.

Surgical Expertise in Thyroid Head & Neck ConditionsProviding expert surgical treatment and compassionate care for thyroid, parathyroid, parotid and major head-neck surgery needs. Contact Us Care For Your Ear, Nose, Throat, Head & NeckReceive one-stop expert ENTHead & Neck care that you deserve. Con...

Breaking Bad News in MedicineBreaking bad news is one of the most challenging and sensitive tasks a healthcare professio...
24/10/2025

Breaking Bad News in Medicine

Breaking bad news is one of the most challenging and sensitive tasks a healthcare professional must perform. It involves communicating information that negatively alters a patient’s or family’s perception of their future — such as a diagnosis of a terminal illness, the death of a loved one, or the failure of treatment. The way this information is delivered can profoundly impact the patient’s emotional well-being, trust in the medical team, and ability to make informed decisions.



1. Importance of Effective Communication

Breaking bad news requires more than clinical knowledge; it demands empathy, compassion, and excellent communication skills. Poorly delivered news can lead to confusion, anxiety, loss of trust, and even long-term psychological distress. Conversely, a sensitive and structured approach helps patients cope better, improves therapeutic relationships, and facilitates shared decision-making.



2. Challenges in Breaking Bad News

Healthcare professionals often find this task difficult due to:
• Fear of causing emotional distress or losing the patient’s trust
• Uncertainty about the patient’s understanding or expectations
• Lack of time or privacy in clinical settings
• Emotional burden on the clinician themselves

These factors can lead to avoidance, use of vague language, or withholding of information—all of which may harm the patient’s autonomy and trust.



3. Models and Frameworks

To guide clinicians, several structured approaches have been developed. The most widely used is the SPIKES protocol:
1. S – Setting up the interview:
Ensure privacy, minimize interruptions, and involve key family members if appropriate. Sit down to create a supportive environment.
2. P – Perception:
Assess the patient’s understanding of their condition and expectations.
3. I – Invitation:
Determine how much information the patient wants to know. Some may prefer full disclosure; others may not.
4. K – Knowledge:
Deliver the information in small, clear chunks. Avoid medical jargon and check for understanding.
5. E – Emotions:
Address the patient’s emotional response with empathy. Allow silence and validate their feelings.
6. S – Strategy and Summary:
Discuss next steps, offer support, and plan future care collaboratively.



4. Ethical Considerations

Ethically, honesty and respect for patient autonomy are paramount. However, sensitivity to cultural beliefs, patient readiness, and individual coping mechanisms is equally important. Balancing truth-telling with compassion ensures ethical and patient-centered care.



5. The Clinician’s Perspective

Breaking bad news can also be emotionally taxing for healthcare providers. Debriefing with colleagues, developing communication skills through training, and practicing self-care are crucial for maintaining professional well-being.



6. Conclusion

Breaking bad news is not merely a transfer of information but a process of shared understanding between patient and clinician. When done with empathy, clarity, and respect, it can strengthen the therapeutic relationship and empower patients to face their medical journey with dignity and support.

রোগ সম্পর্কিত “ব্রেকিং ব্যাড নিউজ”

রোগ সম্পর্কিত “ব্রেকিং ব্যাড নিউজ” বলতে এমন এক ধরনের চিকিৎসা-যোগাযোগকে বোঝায়, যেখানে চিকিৎসককে রোগী বা তার পরিবারের কাছে কোনো অপ্রত্যাশিত, গুরুতর বা জীবন-পরিবর্তনকারী খারাপ খবর দিতে হয়। যেমন—ক্যান্সার, এইডস, কিডনি ফেইলিউর, অঙ্গচ্ছেদ প্রয়োজন, বা রোগীর মৃত্যুর সংবাদ। এ ধরনের খবর জানানো সব সময়ই অত্যন্ত সংবেদনশীল ও মানসিকভাবে কঠিন একটি প্রক্রিয়া।



🔹 বিষয়ের গুরুত্ব

রোগীর কাছে খারাপ খবর জানানোর পদ্ধতি তার মানসিক অবস্থা, চিকিৎসকের প্রতি আস্থা, এমনকি ভবিষ্যৎ চিকিৎসা-পরিকল্পনাতেও বড় প্রভাব ফেলে। যদি খবরটি সহানুভূতিশীলভাবে ও সঠিকভাবে দেওয়া না হয়, তবে রোগী হতাশা, অবিশ্বাস বা চিকিৎসা-বিমুখতায় ভুগতে পারে।



🔹 চিকিৎসকের জন্য চ্যালেঞ্জ

চিকিৎসকরা প্রায়ই এই কাজটি করতে সংকোচ বা মানসিক চাপে ভোগেন। কারণ—
• রোগী বা পরিবারের মানসিক ভেঙে পড়ার আশঙ্কা
• ঠিক কতটা তথ্য জানানো উচিত তা নিয়ে অনিশ্চয়তা
• নিজের আবেগ সামলানো কঠিন হয়ে পড়া
• পর্যাপ্ত সময় বা গোপন পরিবেশের অভাব



🔹 SPIKES মডেল

চিকিৎসা শিক্ষায় SPIKES মডেল বহুল ব্যবহৃত, যা ধাপে ধাপে খবর জানানোর একটি কাঠামো দেয়—
1. S – Setting up: নিরিবিলি ও গোপন পরিবেশ তৈরি করা।
2. P – Perception: রোগী পরিস্থিতি কতটা জানে তা বোঝা।
3. I – Invitation: রোগী কতটুকু জানতে চায় তা জেনে নেওয়া।
4. K – Knowledge: সহজ ভাষায় ধীরে ধীরে তথ্য দেওয়া।
5. E – Emotions: রোগীর অনুভূতি উপলব্ধি করে সহানুভূতি দেখানো।
6. S – Strategy & Summary: পরবর্তী করণীয় ও চিকিৎসা পরিকল্পনা আলোচনা করা।



🔹 নৈতিক ও সাংস্কৃতিক দিক

খারাপ খবর জানাতে গিয়ে সততা, সহানুভূতি ও রোগীর সম্মান বজায় রাখা জরুরি। তবে একই সঙ্গে রোগীর সংস্কৃতি, বিশ্বাস, ও মানসিক প্রস্তুতিও বিবেচনায় রাখতে হয়।



🔹 উপসংহার

রোগ সম্পর্কিত “ব্রেকিং ব্যাড নিউজ” শুধুমাত্র তথ্য দেওয়ার বিষয় নয়, এটি একধরনের মানবিক যোগাযোগ প্রক্রিয়া। চিকিৎসকের দায়িত্ব হলো সত্যটি জানানো, তবে তা এমনভাবে জানানো যাতে রোগী ও পরিবার মানসিকভাবে প্রস্তুত থেকে পরবর্তী সিদ্ধান্ত নিতে পারে। সহানুভূতি, ধৈর্য ও স্পষ্ট যোগাযোগই এই প্রক্রিয়ার মূল চাবিকাঠি।

23/10/2025

Thyroid, Parotid & Head-Neck Oncosurgery Services

The Thyroid, Parotid, and Head-Neck Oncosurgery unit specializes in the diagnosis, surgical treatment, and comprehensive management of benign and malignant conditions affecting the thyroid gland, parathyroid ,salivary glands, and the head and neck region. Our multidisciplinary team provides personalized, evidence-based care using advanced surgical techniques and cutting-edge technology to ensure optimal outcomes and preserve function and appearance.



1. Thyroid Surgery Services

Our thyroid surgery team manages a full spectrum of thyroid disorders, from benign nodules to advanced thyroid cancers.

Services include:
• Evaluation of thyroid nodules, goiter, and thyroid dysfunction
• Total and hemi-thyroidectomy for benign and malignant diseases
• Neck dissection for thyroid cancers with lymph node involvement
• Re-operative thyroid surgery for recurrent disease
• Multidisciplinary tumor board review with endocrinology, nuclear medicine, and pathology teams



2. Parotid & Salivary Gland Surgery

Our parotid and salivary gland surgery services focus on the management of both benign tumors (like pleomorphic adenoma) and malignant neoplasms.

Key procedures:
• Superficial and total parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation
• Submandibular gland excision and minor salivary gland tumor resections
• Reconstructive surgery using microvascular techniques for aesthetic and functional restoration
• Facial nerve rehabilitation for post-operative nerve dysfunction



3. Head & Neck Oncosurgery

Head and neck cancers require precise surgical planning and multidisciplinary care. Our oncosurgeons are trained in organ preservation and reconstructive techniques that maximize survival while maintaining quality of life.

Expertise includes:
• Cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, hypopharynx, nasopharynx, and skull base
• Composite resections and neck dissections
• Microvascular free flap reconstruction (e.g., radial forearm, fibula, ALT flaps)
• Voice and swallowing rehabilitation
• Transoral laser surgery for select tumors
• Postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy coordination through tumor board discussions



4. Multidisciplinary Care

Patients are managed through a comprehensive, team-based approach involving:
• Head and Neck Oncosurgeons
. Plastic surgeon
• Endocrinologists
• Radiologists and Nuclear Medicine Specialists
• Medical and Radiation Oncologists
• Speech and Swallow Therapists
• Nutritionists and Psychologists

Regular tumor board meetings ensure that each patient’s treatment plan is personalized and evidence-driven.



5. Why Choose Our Services
• Expertise of highly trained oncosurgeons
• State-of-the-art operation theaters with advanced imaging and monitoring
• Focus on function preservation and cosmetic outcomes
• Comprehensive postoperative care and rehabilitation programs



🏥 থাইরয়েড, প্যারোটিড ও হেড-নেক সার্জারি সার্ভিস

🔹 পরিচিতি

আমাদের থাইরয়েড, প্যারোটিড ও হেড-নেক সার্জারি বিভাগে থাইরয়েড গ্রন্থি, লালা গ্রন্থি (salivary glands) এবং মাথা-ঘাড় অঞ্চলের টিউমার বা ক্যান্সারের আধুনিক ও উন্নত চিকিৎসা প্রদান করা হয়।
অভিজ্ঞ সার্জনদের নেতৃত্বে আমাদের টিম প্রতিটি রোগীর জন্য নির্ভুল ডায়াগনোসিস, আধুনিক সার্জিক্যাল পদ্ধতি ও পূর্ণাঙ্গ ফলো-আপ কেয়ার নিশ্চিত করে।



🧠 ১. থাইরয়েড সার্জারি সার্ভিস

থাইরয়েড গ্রন্থির বিভিন্ন সমস্যার জন্য আমরা সম্পূর্ণ সার্জিক্যাল সমাধান প্রদান করি।

সেবা সমূহঃ
• থাইরয়েড নডিউল ও গলগণ্ড (Goitre) এর মূল্যায়ন ও চিকিৎসা
• Total / Hemi-thyroidectomy (আংশিক বা সম্পূর্ণ থাইরয়েড অপারেশন)
• Neck dissection – ক্যান্সার ছড়িয়ে পড়লে লিম্ফ নোড অপসারণ
• Recurrent disease surgery (পুনরায় টিউমার হলে)
• থাইরয়েড ক্যান্সার রোগীদের জন্য Multidisciplinary care (এন্ডোক্রাইন, অনকোলজি ও নিউক্লিয়ার মেডিসিন টিমের সমন্বিত চিকিৎসা)



💧 ২. প্যারোটিড ও স্যালিভারি গ্ল্যান্ড সার্জারি

প্যারোটিড (গালের পাশে লালা গ্রন্থি) ও অন্যান্য স্যালিভারি গ্ল্যান্ডে সৃষ্ট টিউমার বা ইনফেকশনজনিত সমস্যার উন্নত চিকিৎসা দেওয়া হয়।

প্রধান সার্ভিসঃ
• Superficial ও Total Parotidectomy (মুখের নার্ভ সংরক্ষণসহ)
• Submandibular gland surgery
• Facial nerve preservation ও nerve repair
• Reconstructive surgery – মুখের আকার ও কার্যক্ষমতা পুনরুদ্ধার



🎯 ৩. হেড ও নেক অনকো সার্জারি (Head & Neck Oncosurgery)

মাথা-ঘাড় অঞ্চলের ক্যান্সারের চিকিৎসায় আমাদের সার্জনরা আধুনিক অনকো-সার্জিক্যাল টেকনিক ব্যবহার করেন।

বিশেষায়িত সার্ভিসঃ
• মুখ, জিহ্বা, গলা, ল্যারিংস, থাইরয়েড, স্কাল-বেস টিউমারের অপারেশন
• Neck dissection ও composite resection
• Microvascular free flap reconstruction (Fibula, Radial Forearm, ALT Flap ইত্যাদি)
• Voice ও Swallow rehabilitation (কণ্ঠস্বর ও গিলতে পারার ক্ষমতা পুনরুদ্ধার)
• Transoral Laser
• ক্যান্সার চিকিৎসার জন্য টিউমার বোর্ড ডিসকাশন ও সমন্বিত কেয়ার (সার্জারি, রেডিওথেরাপি, কেমোথেরাপি)



🧑‍⚕️ আমাদের টিমে রয়েছেনঃ
• হেড ও নেক অনকো সার্জন
... . .. প্লাস্টিক সার্জন
• এন্ডোক্রাইনোলজিস্ট
• মেডিকেল ও রেডিয়েশন অনকোলজিস্ট
• প্যাথলজিস্ট ও রেডিওলজিস্ট
• স্পিচ ও স্বালো থেরাপিস্ট
• পুষ্টিবিদ ও সাইকোলজিকাল সাপোর্ট টিম



🌟 কেন আমাদের সেবা বেছে নেবেন
• অভিজ্ঞ ও প্রশিক্ষিত হেড-নেক অনকো সার্জনদের টিম
• আধুনিক অপারেশন থিয়েটার ও অত্যাধুনিক যন্ত্রপাতি
• ফাংশন সংরক্ষণ ও কসমেটিক রিকনস্ট্রাকশন-এ বিশেষ গুরুত্ব
• ব্যক্তিকেন্দ্রিক (Personalized) ও টিম-ভিত্তিক চিকিৎসা পরিকল্পনা

🧬 Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC)🔹 DefinitionMedullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare type of thyroid cancer origin...
22/10/2025

🧬 Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC)

🔹 Definition

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare type of thyroid cancer originating from the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland. These cells secrete calcitonin, which serves as a key tumor marker for diagnosis and monitoring.

MTC accounts for:
• ~3–5% of all thyroid cancers
• Can occur sporadically (75%) or as part of hereditary syndromes (25%):
• MEN 2A
• MEN 2B
• Familial MTC (FMTC)



🧪 Clinical Features
• Painless thyroid nodule (most common presentation)
• Cervical lymphadenopathy
• Symptoms of metastasis: bone pain, liver involvement, etc.
• Paraneoplastic syndromes:
• Diarrhea (due to high calcitonin)
• Flushing (due to other peptides like VIP or serotonin)



🧬 Biochemical Markers
• Calcitonin: Primary tumor marker
• Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): Correlates with tumor burden
• RET proto-oncogene mutation: Present in most hereditary cases and some sporadic ones



🔬 Diagnosis
1. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA)
2. Serum calcitonin and CEA levels
3. RET mutation analysis (mandatory in all cases)
4. Imaging (if metastasis is suspected):
• Neck and chest CT
• Liver MRI
• Bone scan or PET-CT



🩺 Management of MTC

1. Surgical Treatment (Primary Therapy)
• Total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection is the standard.
• Lateral neck dissection is added if there’s lymph node involvement.

Extent of surgery is guided by:
• Preoperative calcitonin levels:
• 200 pg/mL → high risk of lymph node metastasis
• 500–1000 pg/mL → possible distant metastasis

2. Postoperative Monitoring
• Calcitonin and CEA levels measured 2–3 months post-surgery:
• Undetectable calcitonin = complete response
• Persistent or rising calcitonin = residual/recurrent disease
• Doubling time of calcitonin or CEA is a strong prognostic indicator:
• 2 years → indolent course



🔄 Management of Persistent or Metastatic Disease

A. If localized residual disease:
• Consider reoperation if feasible

B. If metastatic or progressive disease:

Targeted systemic therapy:
• RET mutation positive:
• Selpercatinib or Pralsetinib (selective RET inhibitors)
• RET mutation negative or unknown:
• Multikinase inhibitors (MKIs):
• Vandetanib
• Cabozantinib

Initiate therapy if:
• Rapid biochemical progression (short doubling time)
• Symptomatic disease
• High tumor burden



🔍 Follow-Up and Surveillance
• Lifelong follow-up with:
• Serum calcitonin and CEA levels every 6–12 months
• Imaging if biochemical markers rise or symptoms develop
• Neck ultrasound at regular intervals
• Monitor for other MEN2-related tumors (pheochromocytoma, hyperparathyroidism) in hereditary cases



🧬 Hereditary MTC Management
• RET mutation testing for all MTC patients
• Prophylactic thyroidectomy in RET-positive children (based on mutation risk level)
• Genetic counseling for families.

Summary -

Origin- Parafollicular C cells

Key marker- Calcitonin

Diagnosis- FNA, serum calcitonin, RET mutation testing

Primary treatment- Total thyroidectomy + lymph node dissection

Monitoring- Calcitonin, CEA, imaging

Systemic therapy- RET inhibitors (selpercatinib, pralsetinib), MKIs (vandetanib, cabozantinib)

Hereditary forms- MEN 2A, MEN 2B, FMTC (require genetic screening)

🧬 মেডুলারী থাইরয়েড ক্যান্সার (Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma - MTC)

🔹 পরিচিতি:

মেডুলারী থাইরয়েড ক্যান্সার থাইরয়েড গ্রন্থির C-সেল (parafollicular cells) থেকে উৎপন্ন হয়, যারা ক্যালসিটোনিন (Calcitonin) নামক হরমোন নিঃসরণ করে। এটি একটি দুর্লভ ও আগ্রাসী ধরণের থাইরয়েড ক্যান্সার, যা থাইরয়েড ক্যান্সারের প্রায় ৩–৫% ক্ষেত্রে দেখা যায়।

এটি হতে পারে:
• Sporadic (স্বতঃস্ফূর্তভাবে) – ৭৫% রোগী
• জেনেটিক বা বংশগত (Hereditary) – ২৫% রোগী (MEN 2A, MEN 2B, বা Familial MTC)



🔬 উপসর্গ:
• গলায় একটানা বৃদ্ধি পাওয়া গাঁঠ বা টিউমার
• গলার লসিকাগ্রন্থি (lymph node) ফোলা
• ডায়রিয়া (ক্যালসিটোনিনের অতিরিক্ত নিঃসরণে)
• মুখ লাল হয়ে যাওয়া বা ফ্লাশিং
• বংশগত ক্ষেত্রে ছোট বয়সেই উপসর্গ দেখা দিতে পারে



🧪 রোগ নির্ণয়:
1. রক্তে ক্যালসিটোনিন ও CEA পরীক্ষা (উচ্চমাত্রা MTC নির্দেশ করে)
2. FNA (Fine Needle Aspiration) বায়োপসি
3. RET জিন টেস্টিং (বংশগত MTC চিহ্নিত করতে)
4. ইমেজিং (CT scan, MRI, বা PET-CT) – ছড়িয়ে পড়লে কোথায় গেছে তা জানার জন্য



🩺 চিকিৎসা:

১. ✅ অপারেশন (মূল চিকিৎসা):
• Total Thyroidectomy: পুরো থাইরয়েড গ্রন্থি অপসারণ
• Central ও Lateral Neck Lymph Node Dissection: লসিকাগ্রন্থি যদি আক্রান্ত হয়

📌 Pre-op Calcitonin বেশি হলে (যেমন >200 pg/mL), অস্ত্রোপচারের সময় গলার দুই পাশের লসিকাগ্রন্থি অপসারণ করা হয়।



২. 🔁 অপারেশনের পর ফলো-আপ:
• ২–৩ মাস পর Calcitonin ও CEA রক্ত পরীক্ষা:
• যদি ক্যালসিটোনিন অদৃশ্য বা খুব কম হয় → ভাল লক্ষণ
• যদি উচ্চ থেকে যায় বা বাড়ে → অবশিষ্ট বা ফিরে আসা ক্যান্সারের ইঙ্গিত

📈 Calcitonin doubling time (কত তাড়াতাড়ি ক্যালসিটোনিন বাড়ে) একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ পূর্বাভাস:

Address

2nd Floor, SIBL Foundation Hospital, Green Road, Near Panthapath Crossing, Dhaka
Dhaka
1205

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Telephone

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