02/22/2026
"A paper published this week in JAMA Internal Medicine shows what many of us have known -- shoulder pain is about function and very rarely "because of" rotator cuff problems.
In a study of over 400 people 41-76 y.o., researchers found rotator cuff abnormalities in 98.7% of participants -- 25% showing tendinopathy, 62% partial-thickness tears, and 11% full-thickness tears. These abnormalities were present in 96% of shoulders that were asymptomatic/pain free, and 98% of shoulders with pain.
The prevalence of abnormalities increased with age and did not differ between men and women.
The findings suggest that rotator cuff abnormalities are nearly universal after age 40 years and that routine imaging should not guide diagnosis or treatment of a traumatic shoulder pain."
This cross-sectional study assesses the prevalence of shoulder rotator cuff abnormalities in a general Finnish population and whether diagnostic imaging should guide diagnosis or treatment of atraumatic shoulder pain.