12/04/2019
Interesting news article on a depression network in the brain. This is more evidence of an important role of the front part of the brain (pre-frontal cortex) in inhibiting the amygdala and keeping depression under control.
There are several connections from what is mentioned in the article to what I do in my practice.
(1) Brain biofeedback or neurofeedback to improve function of the prefrontal cortex is one of my main treatments I have been using for years to treat depression, anger, anxiety, PTSD, migraines, etc.
(2) The new advanced event related potentials (ERP) EEG assessment examines the function of these systems in the brain. Many of the recent ERP assessments are showing abnormally low cognitive control function in the frontal lobe (meaning poor inhibition of the limbic system) AND over active limbic system activity. An over active limbic system can exert an inhibitory effect on the frontal lobe making it even weaker. Treatments can target both these systems...strenthen the cognitive control system and reduce limbic system overactivity.
(3) One of the brain assessment devices I am using sends signals through the finger tips to the sensory motor cortex of the brain and can detect imbalance in brain excitation and inhibition. Traumatic brain injuries and other brain problems can cause this imbalance.
(4) The article highlights the importance of brain networks. It is possible to target and change the function of one part of the brain by changing the function of a different but connected brain region.
From the article:
Patients with MDD had abnormal patterns of excitation and inhibition at the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex, a brain area important to cognitive control functions, including the regulation of the amygdala, a key region embedded deep in the brain for expression of emotion. It has long been hypothesized that malfunctioning inhibitory control over the amygdala could result in depressive symptoms......A second study presented at RSNA 2019 looked at abnormalities in the complex network of connections in the brain known as the connectome for their role in depression. Previous research has focused on characterizing the connections between different brain regions, but this study...... looked deeper within individual brain regions. .............Patients with (Major Depressive Disorder) MDD had abnormal patterns of excitation and inhibition at the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex, a brain area important to cognitive control functions, including the regulation of the amygdala, a key region embedded deep in the brain for expression of emotion. It has long been hypothesized that malfunctioning inhibitory control over the amygdala could result in depressive symptoms.............."In our study, we found that excitation and inhibition in the brain regions in control of executive functions and emotional regulation were reduced in patients with MDD,...........In addition, the researchers found that recurrent excitation in the thalamus, an area of the central brain that is also responsible for emotional regulation, was abnormally elevated in patients with MDD.
MRI illuminates abnormalities in the brains of people with depression, potentially opening the door to new and improved treatments for the disorder, according to two studies presented this week at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA).