08/11/2025
Treatment Modality in Middlepeace Clinical Counselling: The Theory and Application of Cognitive Behavioural
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is based on the premise that human emotions and behaviours are shaped by underlying thought patterns and schemas. These cognitive structures influence how individuals perceive themselves, others, and the world. When distorted, they can lead to unhelpful emotional responses and maladaptive behaviours. CBT works to identify, challenge, and modify these distortions to promote healthier functioning. In the short term, CBT focuses on recognizing and reframing automatic thoughts that arise in daily situations. Over time, it targets deeper, core beliefs and assumptions that influence self-perception and interpersonal relationships. This framework assumes that many mental health concerns share similar cognitive roots, which has led to the development of standardized, diagnosis-specific treatment protocols (Madison, 2022).
Aligned with the medical model, CBT emphasizes structured treatment planning and goal setting, with a primary focus on reducing symptoms. While this focus may minimize the traumas impacting individuals way of thinking, still CBT remains grounded in a collaborative and empathetic therapeutic alliance, which is considered essential for positive outcomes.
Treatment approaches within CBT typically include interventions such as behavioural activation, cognitive restructuring, and exercises designed to modify core beliefs These elements may be applied sequentially but can also be tailored to individual needs
Although symptom reduction is the central aim of CBT protocols, they do not always emphasize the development of positive psychological resources—a goal many clients associate with long-term recovery. Nonetheless, a substantial body of empirical research demonstrates CBT’s effectiveness in treating a wide range of mental health conditions, particularly depression and anxiety disorders (Zhang et al., 2019).
References:
Madison, G. (2022). Experiential CBT: Proposing a theory of change with practice implications. Existential Analysis, 33(2), 292.
Zhang, A., Borhneimer, L. A., Weaver, A., Franklin, C., Hai, A. H., Guz, S., & Shen, L. (2019). Cognitive behavioral therapy for primary care depression and anxiety: A secondary meta-analytic review using robust variance estimation in meta-regression. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 42(6), 1117–1141.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is well supported for treating depressive and anxiety disorders. Trials of CBT for anxiety and depression in primary care have increased over the past decade, yet only one meta-analysis, published in 2015, examined this topic and the scope of that review is relativ...