11/27/2017
“Are all supplements safe to use?”
While food should always be the first choice, supplements are still a valid and beneficial tool when used correctly. Creatine can improve anaerobic performance, caffeine can improve alertness and reduce exhaustion, and protein powder can help increase total protein intake, especially if an athlete is reducing the amount of food they eat to meet a weight class.
However, not all dietary and sport supplements are created equal, and some may even be detrimental to an athlete, depending on how the supplement was made, tested, and used. To preface this, several sports follow the World Anti-Doping Association code, which outlines banned substances not allowed for usage in competition. Examples of banned substances include (but are not limited to) certain steroids, hormones, stimulants, and growth factors.
Thus, it’s important to know that whatever supplement being used will not contain these banned substances that could lead to a positive drug result. For example, a supplement may utilize or be contaminated by a stimulant that is on the WADA banned list. If an athlete's uses this “contaminated” supplement, and they are tested during competition, a positive reading can occur. In this scenario, the athletes performance in the competition is forfeited, and their career may potentially be at stake, depending on the sport and federation.
In order to verify whether a supplement is “clean” and safe to use leading up to and during competition, there are several databases available that are run by 3rd parties which test and confirm if a supplement is “safe” or not. Examples of these third parties include “NSF Sport” and “Informed Choice”.
Overall, supplements can be a viable and beneficial tool that can aid an athlete's training, recovery, and performance. However, it is important to verify that any supplements being used are safe, high quality, and approved for competition. Supplements can be a tricky subject, and a Registered Dietitian specializing in sport can help you with the process!
WADA 2018 Banned Substance Document:
https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/prohibited_list_2018_en.pdf
Third Party Supplement Testing Databases:
http://www.nsfsport.com/
http://informed-choice.org/