07/11/2025
Kidney stones form when minerals and salts in your urine stick together and harden. Here are the main causes and contributing factors:
🧂 1. Dehydration
Not drinking enough water concentrates your urine, allowing minerals like calcium and uric acid to crystallize.
Common in hot climates or for people who sweat a lot.
🍖 2. High intake of animal protein
Too much red meat, eggs, or fish raises uric acid and reduces citrate (a substance that prevents stones).
🧀 3. Too much calcium or oxalate
Foods rich in oxalates — such as spinach, beets, nuts, and chocolate — can combine with calcium to form calcium oxalate stones.
🧂 4. High sodium (salt) diet
Excess salt causes more calcium to be excreted in urine, increasing stone risk.
🍭 5. High sugar and refined carbs
Sugar increases calcium excretion and insulin resistance, both linked to stone formation.
⚕️ 6. Certain medical conditions
Gout, obesity, diabetes, urinary tract infections, and inflammatory bowel diseases can raise risk.
💊 7. Certain medications or supplements
Overuse of calcium supplements, vitamin D, or some antacids may contribute to stones.
🧬 8. Family history
Genetics can increase your likelihood of forming stones.