Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology - Cairo University

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Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology - Cairo University

We are the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department belonging to Kasr EL-Aini Dental Hospital, as a part of the oral health care system.

Our role focuses on the diagnosis and management of pathological conditions of the head and neck area. In our hospital, oral surgeons, radiologists, and pathologists work hand in hand to improve disease outcome as much as possible. Unfortunately, oral cancer incidence is on the rise lately due to an alarming lack of awareness. We feel that it is time we share the knowledge and expertise we gained over the years for educational purposes besides helping raise awareness and drawing attention to the importance of early disease detection. Aiming at improving patient quality of life and reducing the burden on health care systems.

28/01/2026

Case of the Day🤩🤩
11-year-old female patient presented with a large swelling in the lower right posterior jaw, first noticed 5 months earlier and showing rapid progression. The patient is medically free, with no relevant systemic conditions.
Clinical and radiographic evaluation revealed a large unilocular expansile radiolucent lesion, extending from the lower right lateral region to the first premolar. Needle aspiration yielded blood, followed by an excisional biopsy. Gross examination showed a solid mass related to impacted canine with multiple small cystic spaces on cut section.
Histopathological examination demonstrated numerous multinucleated giant cells within a fibrovascular connective tissue stroma, associated with chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate. Areas of aneurysmal change were identified as blood-filled pseudocystic spaces, with reactive bone trabeculae seen at the lesion periphery.
Based on these findings, the differential diagnosis included:Central giant cell granuloma, Brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism (excluded due to normal PTH levels), Cherubism (excluded based on clinical and radiographic presentation). Thus the final diagnosis: Central giant cell granuloma associated with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst

📌 this case is a great example of how histopathology, radiology, and clinical correlation come together for an accurate diagnosis😍😍

cell lesion
bone cyst

19/01/2026

Here we are AGAIN, with interesting case 🤩🤩
A 29-year-old female patient presented with a very large palatal swelling. The lesion was noticed from 8 months earlier with rapid growth, raising concern for an aggressive jaw pathology. The patient is undergoing regular renal dialysis and is on antihypertensive medication and heparin as part of the dialysis protocol.
Clinical and Radiographic examinations revealed a progressive expansile large radiolucent swelling of palate crossing midline, causing buccal and palatal bone resorption.
Needle aspiration yielded blood, then an excisional biopsy was subsequently performed to reach final diagnosis.
Histopathological examination revealed interconnected irregular trabeculae of osteoid tissue rimmed by plump osteoblasts (yellow arrows) embedded in a highly cellular fibrovascular connective tissue stroma. Pseudo cystic spaces surrounded by multinucleated giant cells were observed in some areas (green arrows).
Differential diagnosis was made as:
Central giant cell granuloma &brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism (no bone trabeculae, only giant cells collections),
fibrous dysplasia (ground glass appearance in x-ray),
ossifying fibroma usually associated with radiolucent rim surrounding lesion & may show different types of calcified tissues histologically).
Osteoblastoma associated with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst is our Final Diagnosis🧐🧐.

bone cyst
DON'T MISS ANY CASE
KEEP FOLLOWING😍😍

06/01/2026

A 13-year-old male patient presented with a unilateral swelling of the left posterior mandible. The lesion was first noticed two years earlier but recently undergo a rapid enlargement in the last five months, raising concern for an aggressive jaw pathology.
Clinical and Radiographic examinations revealed a progressive expansile, large multilocular swelling involving the left side of the mandible and extending from the lower left first molar region to the mandibular condyle. A Needle aspiration yielded blood, then an incisional biopsy was subsequently performed.
Histopathological examination revealed a dual pathological pattern: Pseudocystic spaces lacking epithelial lining, containing abundant red blood cells and surrounded by fibrocellular connective tissue rich in multinucleated giant cells, (consistent with an aneurysmal bone cyst–like component). Another areas showed odontogenic epithelium arranged in solid, macrocytic, microcystic, and acanthomatous follicles, each of them is composed of ameloblast-like peripheral cells with stellate reticulum–like central cells (diagnostic clues of follicular ameloblastoma).
FOLLICULAR AMELOBLASTOMA ASSOCIATED WITH ANEURYSMAL BONE CYST is our Final Diagnosis, which is considered as a rare hybrid Lesion in a Pediatric Patient.
Aneurysmal bone cyst is a benign, osteolytic lesion, which may arise secondarily in association with other neoplastic lesions, including some odontogenic Tumors as Ossifying Fibroma . Recognition of this rare association is crucial, as accurate diagnosis directly impacts appropriate surgical management and prognosis of such cases. tumors
DON'T MISS ANY CASE🤩🤩
KEEP FOLLOWING 😍😍

05/01/2026

Happy New Year🤩🥳
Interesting Cases about ABC are waiting you😍😍
DON'T MISS ANY & STAY TUNED🥰

02/01/2026

A Smart Start🤩🤩
Waiting to see you all😍😍

30/12/2025

A typical case to end this month theme for spot diagnosis.

23/12/2025

An important anatomical landmark in the maxillary arch is the Hamular notch.
This depression is situated between the maxillary tuberosity and the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate on each side. It is a soft area of loose connective tissue.
It is a critical border landmark in maxillary denture construction to ensure proper retention and stability.

# DentalEducation

16/12/2025

Take a look on another commonly encountered anatomical variation; sublingual varices.
Sublingual varices are abnormally dilated and tortuous veins, commonly observed in older adults, as multiple bluish blebs on the ventral and lateral borders of the tongue.
They probably represents an age-related degeneration, manifested by weakening of blood vessel walls and tone loss in the supporting connective tissue.
Other suggested etiologic factors include smoking, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension.
Sublingual varices are typically asymptomatic, and no treatment is indicated.

09/12/2025

Another normal anatomic variation that could be mistaken for a pathological lesion because of its high-risk location is Enlarged Foliate Papillae (Foliate Papillitis).
Foliate papillae are clusters of multiple tiny projections bilaterally present on the postro-lateral borders of the tongue.
Inflammation of these papillae can lead to oral cancerphobia, which may have a significant psychological impact on the patient.
Symptomatic treatment with analgesics and antibacterial mouth wash is only required.
# Normal vs. Pathology

04/12/2025

Well done everyone and thanks for your response.
Indeed, there is no pathology in this case.
Retrocuspid papilla is a circumscribed nodule located on the gingiva, lingual to the mandibular cuspid.
This entity is observed more frequently in young children and seems to regress with age.
It is considered as a normal anatomic variation and should not be mistaken for a fibroma.

02/12/2025

Since we’re sure you have all became experts in reactive and benign oral lesions, can you guess the anomaly shown in this picture?🤓🤓

28/11/2025

✨ Case of the Month ✨

From our archives — an interesting case of 𝑭𝒖𝒏𝒈𝒂𝒍 𝑶𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒐𝒎𝒚𝒆𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒔.

Swipe through the photos to explore the details 👇👇

Address

11 El-Saraya Street/Manial/
Cairo

Website

https://omfp.dent.cu.edu.eg/wpen

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