22/04/2026
The Shape That Controls Your Gingiva
The shape you can't see controls everything you can. A 2025 RCT: convex emergence = 13x more recession. Three zones. One principle. Shape your abutment, shape your result.
Huge credit to the researchers who defined these concepts:
Based on Su, Gonzalez-Martin et al. 2010 (IJPRD) and Gomez-Meda, Esquivel & Blatz 2021 (JERD). New 3-year RCT data from Endres et al. 2025 (JCP).
In 2010, Su and Gonzalez-Martin defined two zones that control peri-implant soft tissue: the critical contour and subcritical contour. In 2021, Gomez-Meda, Esquivel and Blatz expanded this into the Esthetic Biological Contour (EBC) concept with three zones: E (esthetic), B (bounded), and C (crestal).
A 2025 RCT (Endres et al.) confirmed what they predicted: convex emergence profiles are 13x more likely to cause recession than concave profiles.
The shape you design under the gingiva determines the result you see above it.
References:
Su H, Gonzalez-Martin O, Weisgold A, Lee E. Considerations of implant abutment and crown contour: critical contour and subcritical contour. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2010;30:335-343.
Gomez-Meda R, Esquivel J, Blatz MB. The esthetic biological contour concept for implant restoration emergence profile design. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2021;1-12.
Endres K, et al. Convex versus concave emergence profile of implant-supported crowns in the aesthetic zone: 3-year results of a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2025.
Siegenthaler M, et al. Anterior implant restorations with a convex emergence profile increase the frequency of recession: 12-month results of a RCT. J Clin Periodontol. 2022;49:1240-1251.