14/02/2026
When we call adaptogens “stress herbs”, we unconsciously frame them as something that suppresses stress or boosts energy. But physiologically, that isn’t what they do.
Adaptogens work primarily through regulation of the HPA axis - the communication loop between the brain and adrenal glands - and they influence immune signalling and inflammatory pathways at the same time.
The hypothalamus signals the pituitary.
The pituitary signals the adrenals.
The adrenals release cortisol and other stress mediators.
Cortisol feeds back to the brain to regulate the loop.
In chronic stress, this communication becomes distorted.
You might see:
Over-signalling - wired, anxious, inflammatory
Under-signalling - flat, exhausted, foggy
Chaotic signalling - tired but wired, reactive, poor recovery
Adaptogens don’t simply “increase” or “decrease” cortisol.
They appear to enhance the body’s ability to modulate this loop.
This is why the same herb can feel calming in someone overdriven or strengthening in someone depleted
It isn’t pushing in one direction- it help the body to respond.
Many adaptogens also influence:
Immune cytokine signalling
Oxidative stress pathways
Mitochondrial function
Neurotransmitter balance
They are truly “communication herbs”!
