18/01/2024
𝗧𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗧 𝗧𝗛𝗨𝗥𝗦𝗗𝗔𝗬
The treatment of kidney cancer depends on the size and spread of the cancer. Surgery is the most common first course of action, with the aim of removing the cancer cells.
Unlike most other cancers, chemotherapy isn’t very effective in treating kidney cancer. However, there are non-surgical treatments available, such as radiotherapy or targeted drug therapies.
The main treatments for kidney cancer include:
- nephrectomy
- embolisation
- radiotherapy
- targeted therapies
- immunotherapy
You can expect to be cared for by a multidisciplinary team, often comprising a specialist cancer surgeon, an oncologist (who specialises in radiotherapy and chemotherapy), a radiologist, a nephrologist (a kidney specialist) and a specialist nurse.
You’ll be given a key worker, usually the specialist nurse, who will be responsible for coordinating your care. Your team will recommend what they think is the best treatment option, but the final decision will be yours.
When deciding what treatment is best for you, your doctors will consider:
- the stage and grade of your cancer (how big it is and how far it’s spread)
- your age and general health
- If the cancer hasn’t spread out of your kidney (T1 or T2 kidney cancer), it can usually be cured by removing some or all of the kidney.
If the cancer has spread out of your kidney (T3 or T4 kidney cancer), a complete cure may not be possible. However, it should be possible to slow the cancer’s progression and treat any symptoms.
Radiotherapy can’t usually cure kidney cancer, but it can slow down its progress and help reduce pain. You should only need a few minutes of radiotherapy every day, for a number of days. When radiotherapy is used to control the symptoms of cancer rather than cure it, the side effects tend to be mild. Possible side effects may include fatigue (tiredness), nausea and vomiting.
Cryotherapy involves killing cancer cells by freezing them. It may be used if a person isn’t fit enough for surgery, or if their tumour is small.