26/04/2023
Continuing our vaccination week content today, a brief history of smallpox!
Smallpox is believed to have originated around 10,000 BC, and up until 1798, treatment had been difficult. Throughout the 18th century, the practice of inoculation was developed, culminating in Edward Jenner’s pioneering of vaccination.
In 1796, whilst studying medicine, Jenner observed that dairymaids generally did not suffer from Smallpox. He posited that this was because they were already exposed to Cowpox, a disease related to Smallpox. With this in mind, Jenner found a dairymaid who had recently been afflicted with Cowpox and took a sample from the sores on her hand.
He then injected a young boy with the sample, and the boy felt unwell for a day or two. A few weeks later, Jenner infected the boy with a sample of smallpox, and the boy was found to be resistant. Whilst this kind of practice would probably be regarded as primitive and unethical in the modern world, it paved the way for modern vaccination programs.
Stay tuned for Friday’s content on how smallpox was eradicated completely!