15/11/2021
CREATINE AS A FOOD SUPPLEMENT FOR THE GENERAL POPULATION
After over 100 years of scientific research about , the time has come to perhaps reconsider this simple yet salient dietary compound as more than just another fancy supplement. The evidence shows that an inadequate intake of creatine from could not be fully compensated by internal synthesis, suggesting creatine is an indispensable amino acid derivative for humans.
Supplemental creatine has been shown to reduce total plasma , very-low-density , and triacylglycerols levels in mildly hyperlipidemic men and women aged 32 to 70 years, reduce plasma levels of , a well-known risk factor for heart disease, in strict subjects, improve systemic endothelial-dependent microvascular reactivity and increase skin density and recruitment.
Furthermore, creatine improved prolonged cognitive performance in healthy participants, alleviated decrements in skill ex*****on in -deprived volunteers, improved cognitive functioning and in and non-vegetarians, and delayed neuromuscular , improved work capacity and in elderly.
In the clinical environment, supplemental creatine improved symptomatic and endoscopic indices of Chron’s ileitis, increased mass in rheumatoid , improved muscle function in patients, patients with congestive heart failure and muscular improved developmental outcomes in CDS and mitochondrial , made better outcome measures in resistant , and showed beneficial effects on symptoms and in glycogenosys type V.
A vast majority of studies demonstrated favorable safety of supplemental creatine, with creatine poses no adverse risks in healthy people and populations across various life stages and conditions, at dosages ranging from 0.03 to 0.8 g per kilogram of body weight per day for up to 5 years. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently recognized creatine monohydrate as a safe ingredient (Generally Recognized as Safe, GRAS), which labels creatine as a non-toxic substance under the conditions of its intended use.
Sporadic case reports described in the literature have been refuted in well-controlled clinical studies showing that creatine does not increase the incidence of distress, musculoskeletal injuries, or dysfunction. Still, patients with renal impairment should not be treated with creatine unless careful analysis of the risk-benefit balance proves favorable.
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