03/12/2025
The Intelligence Quotient (IQ) or IQ (Intelligence Quotient) is a standardized measure that roughly estimates the intellectual/mental ability of an individual compared to the general population.
What does the IQ measure
IQ tests are designed to measure a sample of abilities that mainly concern:
Logical and inductive thinking.
Problem solving ability.
Information processing and adaptation to environmental demands.
It is important to note that IQ tests do not measure all aspects of human intelligence, such as emotional intelligence (EQ), creativity or other types of abilities.
IQ Scales and Levels
The IQ is expressed on a scale where the mean value is set at 100, with a standard deviation of 15 points. This means that:
Average (Normal intelligence): Approximately 85-115.
Borderline IQ: 70-85. People in this range can often attend regular schools.
Mental Retardation: Usually below 70.
High IQ/Genius: Scores significantly above 130.
Usefulness
Intelligence assessment can be useful in clinical and educational settings, for diagnosing learning disabilities or neurodevelopmental disorders, and for certifying disability. It is also sometimes used as part of the personnel selection process in certain occupations.