30/03/2026
Nobel Prize-winning technology has arrived in Szeged: biomolecules, microbes and cells can now be examined in their original form and at atomic resolution
Four new electron microscopes have arrived at the research center of the University of Szeged, including two instruments that utilize state-of-the-art cryo-electron microscopy technology. With the help of this new equipment, researchers can examine the structure of viruses, proteins or various nanoscale materials with unprecedented detail—even at atomic resolution.
Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is one of the greatest breakthroughs in structural biology over the past decade, and its development was recognized with the 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The platform enables researchers to study biological molecules exactly as they are present in living systems.
What makes cryo-electron microscopy unique is that samples are cooled extremely rapidly to nearly -196 °C. This method prevents water from forming ice crystals, so the original structure of the biomolecules remains unchanged.
It is as if we were freezing a moment in life. The molecules remain in the state in which they function in nature, allowing us to understand their behavior more precisely. This is particularly important, for example, in the study of viruses. This method allows for a detailed mapping of a virus’s structure, such as the protein it uses to bind to cells. If researchers can clearly see the three-dimensional structure of a biomolecule, such as a protein, they can more easily understand how other molecules, such as drug compounds, bind to it.
The method could also be important in the research on neurodegenerative diseases. Conditions such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease are often caused by the formation of protein aggregates—so-called plaques. Cryo-electron microscopy could help us understand how these structures form.
Cryo-electron microscopy has not been available in Hungary until now, so domestic researchers have often conducted these studies in foreign laboratories. According to plans, the new center will not only be available to researchers in Szeged in the future but may also play a role in national and international collaborations.