23/11/2025
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of the urinary system, most often caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and multiply in the bladder. Common symptoms include a strong, persistent urge to urinate, a burning sensation during urination, and cloudy or strong-smelling urine. Most UTIs, such as cystitis (bladder infection), can be treated with antibiotics and are easily resolved with prompt treatment, but if left untreated, they can spread to the kidneys.
Symptoms
Pain or burning during urination
A frequent and strong urge to urinate
Cloudy, dark, bloody, or strong-smelling urine
Pressure or pain in the lower abdomen or pelvic area
For kidney infections, symptoms can include fever, chills, back pain, and vomiting
Causes
Bacteria, most commonly E. coli from the gastrointestinal tract, entering the urethra and spreading to the bladder
Being female, as a shorter urethra makes it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder
Sexual activity
Certain birth control methods, like diaphragms
Menopause
Other factors include diabetes, spinal cord injury, or needing a tube to drain the bladder
Treatment and prevention
Treatment: A healthcare provider can diagnose a UTI with a urine test. The most common treatment is a course of antibiotics prescribed by a doctor. It's crucial to finish the full course of antibiotics, even if you feel better sooner.
Prevention:
Drink plenty of fluids, especially water, to help flush bacteria from the urinary tract.
Wear loose-fitting clothing.
Urinate when you feel the need and empty your bladder completely.
For women, it can help to urinate after sexual in*******se.
