31/07/2024
Melasma: Diagnosis, Causes, and Treatment
๐๐๐ฅ๐๐ฌ๐ฆ๐ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐ฆ๐จ๐ง ๐ฌ๐ค๐ข๐ง ๐๐จ๐ง๐๐ข๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐๐ก๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐๐ซ๐ข๐ณ๐๐ ๐๐ฒ ๐ฉ๐๐ญ๐๐ก๐๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ข๐ฌ๐๐จ๐ฅ๐จ๐ซ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง, ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ฎ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐จ๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐๐.
๐๐๐ซ๐โ๐ฌ ๐๐ง ๐จ๐ฏ๐๐ซ๐ฏ๐ข๐๐ฐ ๐จ๐ ๐ข๐ญ๐ฌ ๐๐ข๐๐ ๐ง๐จ๐ฌ๐ข๐ฌ, ๐๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐๐ฌ, ๐๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ:
๐๐ข๐๐ ๐ง๐จ๐ฌ๐ข๐ฌ:โ Visual examination by a dermatologist
โ Woodโs lamp examination (ultraviolet light) to assess depth and extent of pigmentation
โ Skin biopsy (rarely needed) to rule out other conditions
๐๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐๐ฌ:
โ Hormonal changes (pregnancy, birth control pills, hormone replacement therapy)
โ Sun exposure (UV radiation stimulates melanin production)
โ Genetic predisposition
โ Skin inflammation or irritation
โ Thyroid disorders
๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ:
๐. ๐๐จ๐ฉ๐ข๐๐๐ฅ ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ฆ๐ฌ/๐จ๐ข๐ง๐ญ๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ฌ:
โ Hydroquinone (HQ): reduces melanin production
โ Retinoids: promotes cell turnover, fading pigmentation
โ Corticosteroids: reduces inflammation
๐. ๐๐ก๐๐ฆ๐ข๐๐๐ฅ ๐ฉ๐๐๐ฅ๐ฌ:
โ Glycolic acid, lactic acid, or salicylic acid peels to exfoliate and lighten skin
๐. ๐๐ข๐๐ซ๐จ๐๐๐ซ๐ฆ๐๐๐ซ๐๐ฌ๐ข๐จ๐ง: non-invasive exfoliation technique
๐. ๐๐๐ฌ๐๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ๐๐ฉ๐ฒ:
โ Q-switched lasers: target melanin, breaking up pigmentation
โ Nd: YAG lasers: stimulate collagen production, improving skin texture
๐. ๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ ๐ฆ๐๐๐ข๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ:
โ Tranexamic acid: reduces melanin production
โ Anti-inflammatory medications: for associated conditions like rosacea
๐. ๐๐ข๐๐ซ๐จ๐ง๐๐๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ง๐ :: minimally invasive treatment stimulating collagen production
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