Dr Omkar Singh Medical Centre

15/08/2024

Hypercalcemia : High Calcium Level
Hypercalcemia is a condition in which the calcium level in the blood becomes too high. Too much calcium in the blood can weaken bones and create kidney stones. It also can affect the heart and brain.

Hypercalcemia happens after one or more of the parathyroid glands make too much hormone.

Taking too much of calcium and vitamin D supplements also can cause hypercalcemia.

Symptoms :
Some people have no symptoms of this condition. Others have symptoms that range from mild to serious.

*Kidneys: Excess calcium makes the kidneys work harder to filter it. This can cause serious thirst and frequent urination.
*Digestive system: Hypercalcemia can cause stomach upset or pain, vomiting, and constipation.
*Bones and muscles: Most often, the extra calcium in the blood is leached from the bones. This weakens the bones: It can cause bone pain and muscle weakness.
*Brain: Hypercalcemia can affect how the brain works. That can lead to trouble focusing, confusion, drowsiness and fatigue. It also can cause depression.
*Heart: Rarely, serious hypercalcemia can affect the heart. It can cause feelings of a fast-beating, fluttering or pounding heart. It also can cause the heart to beat out of rhythm. It's linked with other heart-related conditions as well.
It can lead to medical conditions that include:
*Osteoporosis
*Kidney stones
*Kidney failure
*Nervous system conditions
*Irregular heart rhythm

15/08/2024

14/08/2024

Thyrotoxicosis : Overactive Thyroid Hormone
It is a treatable condition that happens when you have too much thyroid hormone in your body. Common symptoms include unexplained weight loss, a rapid heart rate and shakiness. The treatment for thyrotoxicosis depends on what’s causing it.

An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) is the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis.

Symptoms of mild and moderate thyrotoxicosis include:
Unexplained weight loss.
Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia).
Rapid heart rate (tachycardia) — usually more than 100 beats per minute.
Shakiness.
Feeling nervous, anxious and/or irritable.
Increased sensitivity to heat.
Menstrual period changes, like lighter or missed periods.
How is Thyrotoxicosis diagnosed?
The following tests and assessments can lead to a diagnosis:

A physical exam
Thyroid blood tests : When you have thyrotoxicosis, levels of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) are above normal and TSH is lower than normal.
Imaging tests: Various imaging tests of your thyroid can help diagnose the cause of thyrotoxicosis. They include a thyroid ultrasound and a radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) test and scan.
Treatment :
Anti-thyroid medications.
Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy
Surgery: In some cases, your provider may recommend removing your thyroid gland through surgery (thyroidectomy).
Beta-blockers.
Glucocorticoids (corticosteroids).

13/08/2024

Diabetes : A Growing Burden
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common and clinically significant metabolic disorder which has become a global pandemic and a significant health burden worldwide in recent decades. There is relative insulin deficiency due to pancreatic B-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in target organs.

Type 2 diabetics are more likely to suffer short- and long-term complications, which often lead to their premature death.

Diabetes mellitus :

It was estimated that 90% diabetes patients are diagnosed with type 2 and the majority of the remaining 10% of patients have type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Diabetes affects more than 537 million individuals across the globe and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Globally, the number of people with diabetes gradually increased from 285 million in 2009 to 425 million in 2017.

Type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease characterized by gradual decline in beta cell dysfunction, with eventual upsurge in comorbidities involving vital systems like cardiovascular, renal, hepatic and cerebrovascular.

12/08/2024

Thyroid and Diabetes in Women:
Thyroid and diabetes are both endocrine, or hormone, disorders that can affect women.
Hyperthyroidism -
An overactive thyroid can cause the body to use insulin more quickly, which can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. People with diabetes and hyperthyroidism may need higher doses of insulin to avoid blood sugar spikes.

Symptoms:
Sweating
Weight loss
Diarrhea
Distraction
Menstrual changes in women
Rapid heart rate
Thick skin on the knees, elbows, and shins

Hypothyroidism -
An underactive thyroid can lead to low blood sugar levels, known as hypoglycemia. For people with diabetes, hypoglycemia can cause symptoms like dizziness, confusion, and loss of consciousness.

Hypothyroidism causes your metabolism to slow and the medications you take, including insulin, stay active longer than they normally would. You may find that your blood glucose levels are lower than they are normally, and you may experience hypoglycemia or low blood sugar.

Symptoms include:
Fatigue
Lethargy
Depression
Constipation
Weight gain
Low blood pressure
Slow pulse
Intolerance to cold.

10/08/2024

Hypoglycemia : Low Blood Glucose
It is a condition that occurs when the sugar levels (glucose) in the blood are too low. Diabetes treatment and other conditions can cause hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is a very dangerous condition. It occurs when blood sugar levels drop below normal, usually below 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) for people with diabetes and 55 mg/dL for people without diabetes.

Signs and symptoms of low blood glucose include:
Feeling shaky
Being nervous or anxious
Sweating, chills and clamminess
Irritability or impatience
Confusion, Fast heartbeat, Feeling lightheaded or dizzy.
Hunger, Nausea, Color draining from the skin (pallor).
Feeling sleepy, Feeling weak or having no energy.
Blurred/impaired vision, Tingling or numbness in the lips, tongue, or cheeks.
Headaches , Coordination problems, clumsiness.
Nightmares or crying out during sleep Seizures.
What causes hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) in people with diabetes?
Hypoglycemia happens when your blood sugar drops below a healthy range. Several factors can contribute to this for people with diabetes. Hypoglycemia can develop if things like food, exercise and diabetes medications are out of balance.

Common situations that can lead to hypoglycemia for people with diabetes include:

Taking too much insulin, the wrong insulin or injecting it into your muscle instead of in your fat tissue.
Not timing insulin and carb intake correctly (for example, waiting too long to eat a meal after taking insulin for the meal).
Taking too much or too high of a dose of oral diabetes medications.
Being more active than usual.
Drinking alcohol without eating.
Eating meals later than usual or skipping meals.
Not balancing meals by including fat, protein and fiber.
People who are pregnant and have Type 1 diabetes are also more likely to experience low blood sugar during the first trimester due to hormone changes.

Note : This post is solely for educational purpose.

09/08/2024

Cvd (Cardiovascular Diseases) in Women.
CVD's accounts for 65-75% of all deaths in Diabetes.
Women with CVD continue to be under-diagnosed and under-treated due to misconceptions and lack of awareness. Young women are more likely to die following a heart attack than young men. There are several risk factors which contribute in women to a higher risk in women. Age hypertension, blood pressure, changes in body composition insulin sensitivity, physical inactivity menstrual status and the presence of metabolic syndrome.

The explanation for the greater risk of CVD events in women could be as follows:

Diabetes: Women with diabetes are more likely to develop heart disease than men with diabetes.
Stress: Stress and depression affect women’s hearts more than men’s. Depression can also make it difficult to maintain a healthy lifestyle.
Smoking: Women who smoke are more likely to develop CVD than men who smoke.
Menopause: Low levels of estrogen after menopause increase the risk of developing disease in smaller blood vessels.
Pregnancy complications: High blood pressure or diabetes during pregnancy can increase a mother’s long-term risk of high blood pressure, diabetes and CVD.
Women of all ages should take heart disease seriously and pay close attention to CVD risk factors.

How to prevent :
1. Eat healthy balanced diet.

2. ⁠Exercise regularly.

3. ⁠Maintain a healthy body weight.

4. ⁠Avoid to***co use.

5. ⁠Avoid alcohol.

6. ⁠Manage stress.

7. ⁠Know your Blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels.

How to Treat CVD in women :
Lifestyle changes such as diet, exercise, and alcohol and to***co use.

Medication, including ones that treat risk factors like blood pressure, or to dissolve blood clots.

Devices such as pacemakers or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs).

Medical procedures including stents, heart valve surgery or coronary bypass surgery.

Disclaimer: This post is solely for educational purpose.

08/08/2024

What Actually Causes Heart Attack ??
If you think "bad" cholesterol causes most heart attacks, think again. Half of the people who have heart attacks don't even have high cholesterol. Healthy Heart Miracle Diet helps prevent heart attacks.

The most reliable indicator of heart trouble :

High Blood Pressure:
High blood pressure is also known as hypertension. It happens when the force of your blood pushing against the walls of your blood vessels is too high. High blood pressure can lead to other serious problems such as heart attack and stroke.

The body fat you can't see :

Visceral Fat:
Some visceral fat is healthy and helps protect your organs, but too much can be dangerous and lead to serious health problems. These problems include high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and some cancers. Visceral fat can increase in people of any weight or BMI level, but a waist circumference of 80 cm or more for women and 94 cm or more for men could indicate too much.

The root of much evil:

Inflammation:
Inflammation is a normal part of your body's response to injuries and invaders (like germs). It promotes healing and helps you feel better. But inflammation that happens when there's no injury or invader can harm healthy parts of your body and cause a range of chronic diseases.

When symptoms start adding up:

Metabolic Syndrome:
Metabolic syndrome, also known as insulin resistance syndrome, is a collection of conditions that increase the risk of diabetes, stroke, and heart disease.

Acid in your Arteries:

High homocysteine:
High homocysteine levels, also known as hyperhomocysteinemia, can be a sign that your body isn't processing homocysteine properly or that you're deficient in certain B vitamins. Homocysteine levels are usually measured with a blood test.

DISCLAIMER : This post is solely for education purpose.

07/08/2024

Some Myths and Facts About Diabetes :
Myth : All types of diabetes can be reversed.
Fact : Type 1 diabetes cannot be reversed, as it is an autoimmune condition requiring lifelong insulin treatment. Type 2 diabetes may be reversible in some cases through lifestyle changes, but it's not guaranteed for everyone.

Myth : If I lose weight, I will definitely reverse diabetes.
Fact : While weight loss can be beneficial for managing type 2 diabetes, it doesn't guarantee reversal. Other lifestyle changes, such as dietary modifications and increased physical activity, also play a crucial role.

Myth : Diabetes can be cured by taking certain supplements or herbal remedies.
Fact : There is no scientific evidence to support the claim that supplements or herbal remedies can cure diabetes. Proper management typically involves prescribed medications or insulin along with lifestyle changes.

Myth: Once diabetes is reversed, I can go back to my old habits.
Fact : Even if type 2 diabetes is reversed through lifestyle changes, maintaining those changes is essential to prevent a recurrence. A healthy lifestyle is crucial for long-term management and overall well-being.

Myth: Reversing diabetes means I don't need to monitor my blood sugar anymore.
Fact : Regular blood sugar monitoring remains important even if diabetes is in remission. Monitoring helps in staying aware of any changes and adjusting lifestyle as needed to maintain healthy blood sugar levels.

Myth: If I can control my blood sugar with medications, it means my diabetes is reversed.
Fact : Medications can help manage blood sugar levels, but they don't necessarily reverse diabetes. Reversal involves achieving and maintaining healthy blood sugar levels without the need for medications. Always consult with a healthcare professional for accurate information and guidance about diabetes management and potential reversal. Individual responses to treatments and lifestyle changes can vary, so it's essential to have personalized care.