15/10/2025
Still Confused! What to Choose? ⬇️ Ophthalmology is a broad field and it’s divided into several subspecialties, each focusing on a specific part of the eye or type of eye disease.
Here’s a list of the main ophthalmic specialisations 👇
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👁️ 1. Cornea & Refractive Surgery
• Focus: Cornea diseases, keratoconus, dry eye, infections, corneal transplants, LASIK/PRK/SMILE.
• Procedures: Corneal grafts (PK, DALK, DMEK), refractive surgeries, collagen cross-linking.
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🧠 2. Retina & Vitreous
• Focus: Retinal diseases like diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, retinal detachment.
• Procedures: Vitrectomy, retinal laser, intravitreal injections, cryotherapy.
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👶 3. Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus
• Focus: Eye problems in children — squint, amblyopia (lazy eye), congenital cataract, refractive errors.
• Procedures: Squint correction surgeries, amblyopia therapy, congenital cataract surgery.
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🧿 4. Glaucoma
• Focus: Optic nerve damage and raised intraocular pressure.
• Procedures: Trabeculectomy, glaucoma valve implants, laser iridotomy, minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGS).
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👓 5. Cataract & Refractive Lens Surgery
• Focus: Cataract management and lens-based refractive correction.
• Procedures: Phacoemulsification, femto cataract surgery, premium IOL implantation.
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👁️🗨️ 6. Oculoplasty & Orbit
• Focus: Eyelids, lacrimal system, orbit (eye socket), and facial aesthetics.
• Procedures: Ptosis correction, DCR, orbital fracture repair, prosthesis fitting, cosmetic eyelid surgery.
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🧬 7. Uvea & Ocular Inflammation
• Focus: Uveitis, autoimmune and infectious inflammation of the eye.
• Work involves: Systemic evaluation, immunomodulatory therapy, coordination with rheumatologists.
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💉 8. Neuro-Ophthalmology
• Focus: Visual problems linked to the brain and optic nerve.
• Conditions: Optic neuritis, papilledema, visual field defects, cranial nerve palsies.
