30/12/2025
Hepatitis A is a viral infection of the liver caused by the Hepatitis A virus (HAV). It mainly spreads through the fecal–oral route, especially by consuming contaminated food or water. Drinking unsafe water, eating food prepared in unhygienic conditions, poor hand hygiene, and close contact with an infected person are common causes of Hepatitis A. It is more common in areas with poor sanitation and limited access to clean drinking water. Although children are more frequently affected, people of any age can develop this infection.
Common symptoms of Hepatitis A include fever, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, dark-colored urine, and yellowing of the eyes and skin (jaundice). In most cases, the illness is mild to moderate and does not cause permanent liver damage. Patients usually recover completely within a few weeks to months.
There is no specific antiviral treatment for Hepatitis A. Management mainly focuses on relieving symptoms and supporting liver function. Adequate rest, a balanced and nutritious diet, plenty of fluids, and medications as advised by a doctor are important. Fatty and spicy foods should be avoided, and alcohol must be completely avoided to protect the liver.
Prevention is the best approach for Hepatitis A. Vaccination is highly effective in preventing the disease. In addition, drinking clean water, maintaining proper hygiene, washing hands regularly, and eating well-cooked food can significantly reduce the risk of infection.
