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30/01/2026

30/12/2025

Hepatitis A is a viral infection of the liver caused by the Hepatitis A virus (HAV). It mainly spreads through the fecal–oral route, especially by consuming contaminated food or water. Drinking unsafe water, eating food prepared in unhygienic conditions, poor hand hygiene, and close contact with an infected person are common causes of Hepatitis A. It is more common in areas with poor sanitation and limited access to clean drinking water. Although children are more frequently affected, people of any age can develop this infection.

Common symptoms of Hepatitis A include fever, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, dark-colored urine, and yellowing of the eyes and skin (jaundice). In most cases, the illness is mild to moderate and does not cause permanent liver damage. Patients usually recover completely within a few weeks to months.

There is no specific antiviral treatment for Hepatitis A. Management mainly focuses on relieving symptoms and supporting liver function. Adequate rest, a balanced and nutritious diet, plenty of fluids, and medications as advised by a doctor are important. Fatty and spicy foods should be avoided, and alcohol must be completely avoided to protect the liver.

Prevention is the best approach for Hepatitis A. Vaccination is highly effective in preventing the disease. In addition, drinking clean water, maintaining proper hygiene, washing hands regularly, and eating well-cooked food can significantly reduce the risk of infection.

29/12/2025

Jaundice is a condition in which the level of bilirubin in the blood increases. As a result, the white part of the eyes and the skin turn yellow. Jaundice itself is not a disease; rather, it is a sign of an underlying problem inside the body.

One of the main causes of jaundice is liver-related disorders. Viral infections such as Hepatitis A, B, and C, excessive alcohol consumption, fatty liver disease, and liver cirrhosis can lead to jaundice. Jaundice may also occur when red blood cells break down excessively (hemolytic anemia), causing an increase in bilirubin levels. In some cases, blockage of the bile duct due to gallstones or tumors can cause jaundice. Newborn babies may also develop jaundice because their liver is not fully functional after birth.

The treatment of jaundice mainly depends on its underlying cause. In viral jaundice, rest, a balanced diet, and medications as advised by a doctor are necessary. To keep the liver healthy, oily and spicy foods should be limited, alcohol should be completely avoided, and clean drinking water should be consumed. In cases of bile duct obstruction, surgery or specialized treatment may be required. Phototherapy is effective for newborn jaundice. If symptoms of jaundice appear, seeking medical attention promptly is the best way to ensure recovery.

27/12/2025

Headache is a very common but troublesome problem, which can begin gradually or suddenly. In the early stage, it usually feels like heaviness in the head, a sense of pressure, or mild pain. Often, pain is felt on the forehead, on both sides of the head, or behind the eyes. Headaches are more common after waking up in the morning, after long hours of work, or during periods of mental stress, making it difficult to concentrate on daily activities.

There can be many causes of headache. Lack of sleep, irregular eating habits, or dehydration can trigger headaches. Spending long hours looking at mobile phones or computer screens puts strain on the eyes and leads to headaches. Excessive mental stress, worry, and anxiety are also major causes. In migraine, light, noise, or certain foods can worsen the pain. Sinus problems, fever, high blood pressure, or eye-related issues may also cause headaches.

Although it is not always possible to completely avoid headaches, they can be controlled with proper care. Getting enough sleep, eating meals at regular times, and drinking plenty of water are very important. Taking breaks during work to rest the eyes and mind is beneficial. Light exercise, meditation, and breathing exercises help reduce mental stress. Taking medicines as advised by a doctor can also provide relief.

With a healthy lifestyle and proper awareness, it is possible to live a normal and healthy life even with occasional headaches.

26/12/2025

Arthritis is a condition that gradually affects the joints of the body. In the beginning, people usually feel mild pain or stiffness, especially after waking up in the morning or after sitting for a long time. Over time, swelling, pain, and difficulty in movement increase, making daily activities harder.

As age increases, the cartilage of the joints slowly wears down. Excess body weight puts extra pressure on joints, especially the knees and hips. Sometimes, an old injury or trauma can later cause arthritis. In some cases, the condition is hereditary, meaning the risk is higher if it runs in the family. In autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, the body attacks its own joints. Certain infections or long-term repetitive activities can also damage the joints.

Although arthritis cannot be completely cured, it can be well managed with proper care. Medicines prescribed by a doctor help reduce pain and inflammation. Regular light exercises such as walking, stretching, yoga, or swimming keep joints flexible. Weight control, hot or cold compresses, physiotherapy, and a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D are beneficial. In severe cases, surgery may be required.

With proper lifestyle changes and medical care, people with arthritis can live a normal and active life.

12/12/2025

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