15/01/2018
Snoring is now a well known medical condition which should not be ignored. It may or may not be associated with sleep apnoea. In young children, the cause is large tonsils/adenoid and surgery is the only cure.
In adults,commonest cause is obesity which puts extra fat around neck and gets back of tongue bulkier. This leads to na rrowing of breathing passage. The problem worsens during sleep when the breathing space becomes even more narrow due to bulky tongue and neck fat press the relaxed airpipe under the effect of gravity . Alcohol and sleeping pills make neck muscles even more relaxed and prone to collapse of airway during sleep. The forceful entry of air during breathing through this narrow airway creats turbulence producing sound of snoring. At times breathing stops which may be few times or numerous. This leads to frequent fall in oxygen levels in the body at night which can cause sudden death or long term complications like early morning headaches, poor night sleep,daytime sleepiness , road traffic accidents,poor concentration, impotence,marriage breakup apart from high blood pressure (hypoxia ie.reduced blood oxygen level causes blood vessels construction & increased pressure), heart failure (due to resistance in pumping blood from heart chamber to raised vascular system resistance).
Treatment for adult snoring and sleep apnoea (confirmed by sleep study) includes reducing obesity,correcting nose block, palatoplasty or splint. Flexible nasal endoscopy in awake mode and sleep mode helps in choosing right treatment whether medical or surgical or a combination of both. I find sleep study and sleep nasopharyngeal laryngeal endoscopy most useful for chalking out out management of this condition.