12/11/2019
NUTRITION IN PREGNANCY
Pregnancy can consume a whole lot of nutrients and energy from the body of a mother to support the growing foetus. The daily nutritional requirement increases with main focus on increase in protein intake, iron, calcium, folic acid and a big no to alcohol. The goal is to enjoy food from different groups in a balanced amount. The average weight gain is to be 1kg per month.
PROTEIN: protein requirement increases to 1.2-1.5g/kg/day. It is the basic building block involved in growth. Eating protein rich food keeps many pregnancy related complications at bay like preeclampsia, pedal edema, abruption placentae, etc. Foods rich in protein are meat, fish chicken, egg whites, soya bean, black gram, cottage cheese, whole grains, etc.
CALCIUM: main role is in bone and teeth growth of baby and decreases risk of complications like preeclampsia, hypertension, etc. Calcium is not typically associated with dairy products (as we generally do). It is also present in green leafy vegetable like spinach, almonds, figs, etc.
IRON AND FOLIC ACID: folic acid plays an important role in one Carbon metabolism, synthesis of amino acids, etc. supplemented in form of tablet , it prevents neural tube defects like spina bifida, meningocoele, etc. daily dose is 400microgram. In women with previous history of neural tube defects the dose increases to 4mg per day.
Rich source of folic acid is green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, meat, etc.
Iron is important for preventing nutritional anemia as it is the most common dietary anemia encountered in Indian women. As such the body undergoes dilutional anemia due to expansion of plasma and blood volume. The target levels of Hb is 11g/dL according to WHO.
FOODS RICH IN IRON BEING SPINACH, ALMONDS, GROUNDNUTS, ETC. one tablet of iron daily is recommended to prevent nutrional anemia in pregnancy. (doctor to be consulted before taking the tablet)
The fact that extra sugars need to be cut off is well known among today;s women but a cheat diet during pregnancy is totally excusable. Once in a while a scoop of icecream or a small chocolate to handle the cravings is totally welcome as long as fruits, vegetables and 4-5litres of water alongwith light walk are a part of your daily routine.