Dr Md Afazuddin dermatologist

05/09/2025

A teacher takes a hand, opens a mind, and touches a heart.” “Good teachers explain; great teachers inspire.” “Behind every successful student ... Happy Teacher's day

15/08/2025

India’s Independence Day is more than just a date on the calendar, it’s a reminder of the courage, unity, and sacrifices that brought us freedom. Every year on August 15, the nation comes alive with the colours of the tricolour, patriotic songs, and the spirit of togetherness. As we celebrate Independence Day 2025, it’s also the perfect time to send warm wishes, inspiring messages, and meaningful quotes to friends, family, and colleagues.

10/08/2025

10/08/2025

What are causes behind recurrent of fungal infection?
Recurrent fungal infections can stem from several factors, including incomplete treatment, weakened immune systems, and environmental conditions. Fungal infections are caused by various fungi present in our environment, and certain factors can promote their overgrowth and cause recurring infections.
Here's a breakdown of the causes:
1. Incomplete Treatment:
Not completing the prescribed course:
Fungal infections often require a prolonged course of treatment, and stopping medication prematurely can lead to recurrence.
Using the wrong treatment:
Different fungal strains may require specific treatments, and using an ineffective treatment can result in the infection coming back.
Incorrect application:
Topical treatments need to be applied correctly and for the recommended duration to be effective.
Incomplete eradication:
Even after treatment, fungal spores can remain, leading to a resurgence of the infection.
2. Predisposing Factors:
Weakened Immune System:
Individuals with compromised immune systems (e.g., due to HIV/AIDS, certain medications, or autoimmune disorders) are more susceptible to recurrent fungal infections.
Environmental Conditions:
Fungi thrive in warm, moist environments, such as damp public spaces (showers, locker rooms) or areas with high humidity.
Specific Fungal Types:
Certain fungi, like Malassezia (causing pityriasis versicolor), are naturally present on the skin and can overgrow under certain conditions.
Underlying Medical Conditions:
Conditions like diabetes, where high blood sugar levels can promote fungal growth, or autoimmune disorders can increase susceptibility.
Genetic Predisposition:
Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to recurrent fungal infections, meaning their bodies don't effectively fight off the fungus.
3. Other Factors:
Antibiotics:
Broad-spectrum antibiotics can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria and fungi on the body, potentially leading to fungal overgrowth.
Topical Steroids:
While topical steroids can temporarily relieve symptoms, they don't eradicate the fungus and can even worsen the infection, leading to recurrence.
Sexual Activity:
Certain fungal infections, like vaginal yeast infections, can be linked to sexual activity.
Exposure:
Fungal spores can be inhaled from the environment (soil, dust) or acquired through skin contact.
4. Specific Fungal Infections:
Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis (CMC):
Characterized by recurrent Candida infections on skin, nails, and mucous membranes, often linked to immune system issues.
Histoplasmosis:
A fungal infection that can recur, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.
By understanding the causes of recurrent fungal infections, individuals can take steps to prevent them by practicing good hygiene, managing underlying conditions, and seeking appropriate treatment when necessary.

06/08/2025

MISUSE OF STERIODS CREAM Misuse of steroid creams, particularly on the face, can lead to a range of skin issues, including steroid-induced rosacea, acneiform eruptions, and thinning of the skin. Other potential side effects include skin discoloration, increased hair growth, and a burning sensation when exposed to sunlight. In some cases, long-term misuse can lead to a condition known as Topical Steroid Damaged/Dependent Face (TSDF), characterized by various skin problems and psychological dependence on the medication.
Elaboration:
Topical corticosteroids, commonly found in steroid creams, are prescribed to treat various skin conditions like dermatitis, eczema, and psoriasis. While effective when used properly, misuse can result in a variety of adverse effects.
Common Misuses and Resulting Problems:
Using strong or very strong steroid creams for extended periods:
This can lead to skin thinning, stretch marks, and increased susceptibility to bruising.
Applying steroid creams to the face without medical supervision:
This can cause steroid-induced rosacea, characterized by a red rash around the mouth and/or an acne-like rash. Other facial issues include thinning of the skin, redness, and increased hair growth.
Using steroid creams for conditions they are not intended to treat:
This can worsen existing skin problems or cause new issues to arise.
Using steroid creams for extended periods without proper tapering:
This can lead to steroid dependence, where the skin becomes reliant on the steroid and withdrawal can cause a flare-up of symptoms.
Specific Issues:
Steroid-induced rosacea: This condition, often seen on the face, is characterized by a red, bumpy rash, particularly around the mouth and eyes.
Perioral dermatitis: A rash around the mouth, often caused by prolonged use of topical steroids on the face.
Skin atrophy: Thinning of the skin, making it more fragile and prone to bruising and tearing.
Striae: Stretch marks, which can appear on the skin due to thinning and stretching.
Hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation: Changes in skin pigmentation, either lightening or darkening of the skin.
Increased hair growth (hypertrichosis): Excessive hair growth at the application site.
Tachyphylaxis: A decrease in the effectiveness of the steroid over time, requiring higher doses to achieve the same effect.
Importance of Proper Use:
It is crucial to use steroid creams as directed by a doctor, paying close attention to the potency of the cream, the area of application, and the duration of use. If you have concerns about steroid creams, it's best to consult with a healthcare professional for guidance on appropriate use and potential risks.

03/08/2025

WHY FUNGAL INFECTION RECUR FREQUENTLY???? Fungal skin infections can recur due to several factors, including improper treatment duration, discontinuing medication prematurely, not practicing good hygiene, and the presence of fungi in the environment or on the body. Certain conditions like warm, moist environments, weakened immune systems, and even genetic predisposition can also make individuals more susceptible to recurrent fungal infections.
Here's a more detailed look at the reasons:
1. Incomplete Treatment:
Fungal infections require a specific duration of treatment to completely eradicate the fungus.
If treatment is stopped prematurely, the fungus may not be fully eliminated, leading to a recurrence.
Different fungal strains can cause infections, so it's crucial to ensure the chosen treatment effectively addresses the specific strain.
2. Improper Hygiene:
Poor hygiene, especially in warm, moist areas like skin folds, can create an environment where fungi thrive.
Failing to keep the affected area clean and dry, or wearing damp clothing, can facilitate fungal growth.
Not changing socks or shoes regularly, especially after sweating, can also contribute to recurrence.
3. Environmental Factors:
Fungi are ubiquitous and can be found in various environments, including soil, locker rooms, and swimming pools.
Exposure to these environments can reintroduce the fungus, leading to reinfection.
Warm and humid climates can also promote fungal growth and increase the risk of recurrence.
4. Underlying Conditions:
Individuals with weakened immune systems are more vulnerable to fungal infections and may experience frequent recurrences.
Conditions like diabetes can also increase susceptibility to fungal infections.
Some people may have a genetic predisposition to recurrent fungal infections.
5. Other Factors:
Using topical steroids inappropriately can suppress the infection initially but may lead to recurrence when the medication is stopped.
Some people may unknowingly carry the fungus and spread it to other areas of their body or to others.
Preventing Recurrence:
Complete the full course of treatment prescribed by a doctor.
Maintain good hygiene, including keeping the skin clean and dry.
Wear loose-fitting, breathable clothing and footwear.
Avoid prolonged exposure to damp or warm environments.
Address any underlying conditions that may increase susceptibility.

03/08/2025

HOW FUNGAL INFECTION SPREAD? Fungal infections spread through various means, primarily by direct contact with infected individuals or animals, and indirectly through contaminated objects or surfaces. They can also be acquired by breathing in fungal spores from the environment.
Direct Contact:
Skin-to-skin contact:
Touching an infected person or animal can transmit fungi, like in the case of ringworm.
Contact with contaminated surfaces:
Fungi can survive on surfaces like floors, especially in locker rooms and around swimming pools, and can be picked up through contact.
Indirect Contact:
Sharing personal items:
Sharing towels, clothing, bedding, or grooming items can spread fungal infections.
Environmental spores:
Inhaling spores from soil, bird droppings, or decaying vegetation can lead to respiratory fungal infections.
Other Factors:
Breaks in the skin:
Fungi can enter the body through cuts, scrapes, or other skin injuries.
Weakened immune system:
Individuals with compromised immune systems are more susceptible to fungal infections.
Moist environments:
Fungi thrive in warm, moist areas, making conditions like sweaty skin folds or damp clothing ideal for growth.
Antibiotics and corticosteroids:
These medications can disrupt the body's natural microbial balance, allowing fungi to proliferate.
Specific examples:
Athlete's foot: Often spread in communal areas like gym and swimming pool changing rooms.
Ringworm: Can be contracted from animals or by touching contaminated surfaces.
Nail fungus: Can develop from fungi entering through cracks in the nail or surrounding skin.
Healthcare-associated infections: Fungi can enter the body through medical devices or surgical sites in hospitals.

30/07/2025

In the rainy season, it's important to adjust your skincare routine to combat increased humidity, which can lead to clogged pores, breakouts, and dullness. Focus on gentle cleansing, regular exfoliation, lightweight hydration, and sunscreen use. Also, staying hydrated and eating a healthy diet can contribute to healthy skin during this time.
Here's a more detailed approach:
1. Gentle Cleansing:
Use a gentle, soap-free cleanser twice a day to remove dirt, oil, and impurities without stripping your skin's natural oils.
Consider cleansers with ingredients like salicylic acid, which can help with acne and unclog pores.
Avoid harsh soaps or cleansers that can dry out your skin.
2. Exfoliation:
Exfoliate 2-3 times a week to remove dead skin cells and prevent clogged pores.
Choose a gentle exfoliant suitable for your skin type.
Regular exfoliation helps brighten the complexion and improve skin texture.
3. Hydration:
Even though it's humid, your skin can still get dehydrated, especially if exposed to the rain.
Use a lightweight, non-comedogenic moisturizer to hydrate your skin without clogging pores.
Look for moisturizers with ingredients like hyaluronic acid or vitamin C.
Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day.
4. Sunscreen:
Don't skip sunscreen during the rainy season, even on cloudy days.
UV rays can still pe*****te through clouds and damage your skin.
Choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher.
Consider a gel-based sunscreen if you find creams too heavy.
5. Toner:
Use a toner after cleansing to balance your skin's pH and prepare it for moisturization.
Choose an alcohol-free toner to avoid dryness.
6. Makeup:
Minimize your makeup use during the rainy season.
If you do wear makeup, opt for lightweight, breathable products like tinted moisturizers.
Clean your makeup brushes regularly to prevent bacterial buildup.
7. Diet and Hydration:
Eat a balanced diet rich in antioxidants to promote healthy skin from within.
Drink plenty of water to keep your skin hydrated and glowing.
Avoid sugary drinks and processed foods, which can negatively impact your skin.
8. Additional Tips:
Pat your face dry with a soft towel instead of rubbing.
Avoid touching your face with dirty hands to prevent breakouts.
If your clothes get wet, change into dry ones as soon as possible to prevent fungal infections.
Consider using blotting papers to control excess oil throughout the day.
If you have specific skin concerns, consult with a dermatologist for personalized advice.

01/07/2025

22/03/2025

WORLD WATER DAY

Water is the most essential
for
Human Skin
Benefits for Drinking water
Makes your skin glow
Reduces puffiness
Improve skin tone
Prevents premature ageing
Betters skin elasticity........

17/03/2025

Laparoscopic surgery, also known as keyhole surgery, has many benefits, including less pain, faster recovery, and smaller scars.
• Less pain
Smaller incisions mean less nerve damage and discomfort
Patients need less pain medication
• Faster recovery
Patients can return to their normal activities sooner
Patients can go home the same or next day
Patients spend less time in the hospital
• Smaller scars
The tiny scars resulting from laparoscopic incisions are barely noticeable
• Less blood loss
Patients experience less trauma to surrounding tissues
Patients are less likely to require blood transfusions
• Less risk of infection
Patients have a lower risk of infection
Patients have a lower rate of postoperative complications
• Other benefits
Patients have fewer unwanted effects from analgesia
Patients have a lower risk of bone loss, muscle atrophy, and urinary retention
Patients have a lower rate of chest infection and deep vein thrombosis