01/06/2019
1. Men’s mental health during the transition to parenthood
The transition to fatherhood - from conception, through pregnancy, and to the early months and years of parenting - can be a period of extremes. For many men, it is a time of happiness, excitement and love (Bradley & Slade, 2011; Johnson, 2002). Yet, it can also be a chapter of great upheaval and anxiety (Condon, Boyce, & Corkindale, 2004; Fenwick, Bayes, & Johansson, 2012; Hanson, Hunter, Bormann, & Sobo, 2009). While the above statements could also be applied to women in the transition to motherhood, there is reason to believe that there are gender-specific factors that influence men's experience during this period. For example, in an ethnographic study of men's passage to fatherhood, Draper (2002; 2003) found that participants generally lacked the kind of clearly structured transition that tends to guide women's experiences of pregnancy, childbirth and early parenting. In the absence of such structure, expectant fathers in her study found themselves in a state of anxiety-provoking uncertainty; "in a kind of limbo … between social statuses, neither one thing or the other" (Draper, 2003, p. 70). In a similar study of Australian fathers-to-be, Fenwick et al. (2012) found that "men struggled to come to terms with the reality of the pregnancy, their changing relationships and potential economic stability" (p. 7). These authors added that "adjusting to the news of a pregnancy and the subsequent anticipation of supporting their partner throughout the childbirth process can provoke a complex set of stress responses in expectant fathers" (p. 8).
While pre- and post-natal mental illness is a well-recognised health issue for women, researchers - along with society at large - have been slow to recognise it as an important issue for men (Condon, 2006; Solantaus & Salo, 2005). This is changing, however, and the last decade has seen "fathers emerge from the wings" (Solantaus & Salo, 2005, p. 2158). On the topic of men's pre- and post-natal mental health, there now exist numerous studies (e.g., Condon et al., 2004; Giallo et al., 2012; Ramch ...resource... Internet