12/11/2025
NOTE THE HAMSTRING ANATOMY ✍️
✅ The hamstrings are a group of three muscles on the posterior (back) of the thigh: the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. They originate from the "sitting bone" or ischial tuberosity and extend across both the hip and knee joints, allowing for actions like flexing the knee and extending the hip.
✅ Hamstring muscles
Biceps femoris: Located on the outside of the back of the thigh, it has a long head and a short head.
Semitendinosus: Found in the middle of the back of the thigh, between the semimembranosus and biceps femoris.
Semimembranosus: The most medial and deepest of the three muscles, located on the inner side of the back of the thigh.
✅ Anatomical features
Origin: The semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and the long head of the biceps femoris all originate from the ischial tuberosity (the "sitting bone"). The short head of the biceps femoris originates from the femur.
Joints crossed: All three hamstring muscles cross both the hip and the knee joints.
✅ Function
They are crucial for movements like walking, running, and climbing, as they extend the hip and flex the knee.
✅ Clinical relevance
The hamstrings are a common site for injury, especially in athletes, due to their role in movement and the stress they endure.