01/12/2025
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic disease characterized by inflammation and immune-mediated injury to multiple organ systems, including the mucocutaneous, musculoskeletal, hematologic, and kidney systems.
SLE affects approximately 3.4 million people worldwide. Of these individuals, an estimated 3 million are female. The pathogenesis of SLE involves systemic inflammation associated with elevated levels of type I interferon and autoantibodies against nuclear antigens, such as double-stranded DNA and nucleic acidβbinding proteins.
Treatment for SLE is intended to minimize disease activity, drug toxicity, and organ damage, as well as improve quality of life and survival. Hydroxychloroquine is first-line therapy and reduces disease activity, morbidity, and mortality. When needed, additional immunosuppressive and biologic therapies include azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclophosphamide, belimumab, voclosporin, and anifrolumab.
π This Review summarizes current evidence regarding diagnosis and treatment of SLE. Find the link in the comments. β¬οΈ